Lange-Küttner C
Department of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen.
Percept Mot Skills. 1998 Jun;86(3 Pt 2):1299-310. doi: 10.2466/pms.1998.86.3c.1299.
Bender Gestalt cards of Pascal and Suttel, simplified by the author, and basic graphic patterns used in neuropsychological assessment by Mai and Marquardt were used in a speeded copying task. Children between 4 and 6 years were drawing with a wireless pen on a pressure-sensitive graphic tablet linked to a computer. Hand pressure, velocity of hand movements, drawing time and penlifts were measured by a CS handwriting analyses software package. Planned comparisons were carried out between developmentally earlier emerging graphic forms and patterns that are mastered later in development. It was shown that for 6-yr.-olds pressure was increased which might indicate a generally higher tension when drawing. Specifically, angular forms were copied with more pressure, but needed less drawing time than round forms. Moreover, children needed more time for penlifts to adjust for a starting point that changed from left to right when drawing vertical lines than horizontal ones. Reduced speed of drawing was more important when copying open forms than closed shapes. In denotation of spatial position no differences were found. It is concluded that the analysis of psychophysical measures of drawing gives important clues about the specific problems produced by relatively basic graphic patterns.
使用了经作者简化的帕斯卡和苏特尔本德尔格式塔卡片，以及迈和马夸特在神经心理学评估中使用的基本图形模式进行快速临摹任务。4至6岁的儿童用无线笔在连接到计算机的压敏绘图板上绘图。通过CS手写分析软件包测量手部压力、手部运动速度、绘图时间和提笔次数。对发育早期出现的图形形式和发育后期掌握的模式进行了计划比较。结果表明，6岁儿童的压力增加，这可能表明绘图时总体紧张程度较高。具体而言，绘制角形时压力更大，但比绘制圆形所需的绘图时间更少。此外，当绘制垂直线时，儿童需要更多时间提笔以调整从左到右变化的起始点，而绘制水平线时则不然。临摹开放图形时绘图速度降低比临摹封闭图形时更为重要。在空间位置的表示方面未发现差异。得出的结论是，对绘图心理物理测量的分析为相对基本的图形模式所产生的特定问题提供了重要线索。
