Tóth M, Nagy K, Patonay L
Semmelweis Orvostudományi Egyetem, Budapest.
Orv Hetil. 1998 Jul 12;139(28):1693-6.
Development of modern diagnostic procedure requires inframacroscopic description of tympanic cavity. This description has to suit the special requirements of diagnostic endoscopy, too. The authors made an attempt to describe clinical anatomy of the tympanic cavity. For endoscopic investigation transtympanic, transtubal and transmastoidal approaches were used, out of which the transmastoidal has the least clinical importance. Using the transtympanic approach, detailed anatomical description of the medial wall, the auditory ossicles and the stapedius muscle can be given. Using the transtubal approach, the epitympanic region, stapedius and tensor tympani muscle and two major nerves, chorda tympani and tympanic nerve can be also investigated. Using transmastoidal approach, auditory ossicles were seen, but it was possible to identify lateral part of epitympanic recess, as well.
现代诊断程序的发展需要对鼓室进行亚宏观描述。这种描述也必须符合诊断性内窥镜检查的特殊要求。作者尝试描述鼓室的临床解剖结构。在内窥镜检查中，采用了经鼓膜、经咽鼓管和经乳突的方法，其中经乳突的方法临床意义最小。采用经鼓膜的方法，可以对内侧壁、听小骨和镫骨肌进行详细的解剖描述。采用经咽鼓管的方法，还可以研究上鼓室区域、镫骨肌和鼓膜张肌以及两条主要神经，即鼓索神经和鼓室神经。采用经乳突的方法，可以看到听小骨，但也能够识别上鼓室隐窝的外侧部分。
