Leferink K
Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany.
Psychiatry. 1998 Summer;61(2):147-62. doi: 10.1080/00332747.1998.11024825.
This article argues that both the private and public spheres must be taken into account when analyzing the development and everyday reality of the mentally ill. Private and public are two poles whose reciprocal relationship constitutes the form taken by a person's life. The interplay of both areas expresses how a person uses his thinking, feeling, and acting to relate to a real or imaginary audience. The psychosocial reality of a person is based on cooperation of the public and private selves. According to a central thesis of this essay, a loss of public presence leads in equal measure to a loss, rather than an increase, of private reality. An empirical study based on a sample of patients with chronic schizophrenia confirms this assumption by showing that such patients, under today's social conditions, develop lives characterized by a high degree of private reclusiveness. This is linked with an external and internal loss of life reality. Many patients, however, look for indirect and socially noncommittal forms of participating in public life without having to deny their private reality.
本文认为，在分析精神疾病患者的发展及日常现实时，必须兼顾私人领域和公共领域。私人领域和公共领域是两个极点，它们的相互关系构成了一个人的生活形式。这两个领域的相互作用体现了一个人如何运用其思维、情感和行为去与真实或想象中的受众建立联系。一个人的心理社会现实基于公共自我和私人自我的协作。根据本文的一个核心论点，公共存在感的丧失同样会导致私人现实的丧失，而非增加。一项以慢性精神分裂症患者为样本的实证研究证实了这一假设，该研究表明，在当今社会条件下，这类患者的生活具有高度的私人隐居特征。这与生活现实在外部和内部的丧失有关。然而，许多患者在不否认其私人现实的情况下，寻求间接的、不涉及社会承诺的方式参与公共生活。
