Giada F, Bertaglia E, De Piccoli B, Franceschi M, Sartori F, Raviele A, Pascotto P
Division of Cardiology, O.C. Mestre, Venice, Italy.
Int J Cardiol. 1998 Jul 1;65(2):149-55. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5273(98)00102-8.
In order to evaluate the influence of aging on cardiovascular adaptations to endurance training and detraining, 12 young (range 19-25 years) and 12 older (range 50-65 years) male cyclists were examined during the training and after 2 months of detraining. Twelve young and 12 older healthy sedentary males matched for age and body surface area were used as control groups. Each subject underwent a maximal exercise test using a cycle-ergometer in order to measure maximum oxygen consumption, an M-mode and 2D echocardiography in order to assess left ventricle morphology and systolic function, and a Doppler echocardiography for evaluating the diastolic filling pattern. During the training period both groups of athletes showed higher values of maximum oxygen consumption, left ventricular wall thicknesses, end-diastolic diameter and volume, as well as left ventricular mass, than their control subjects; in the older subjects the adaptation of the heart to aerobic training seems to be obtained mainly through a higher increase in left ventricular diastolic filling. In both groups no significant modifications in the ejection fraction and diastolic function parameters were recorded. After the detraining period the wall thicknesses decreased only in young athletes, while left ventricular mass and end-diastolic diameter and volume reduced only in older athletes. In conclusion, training and detraining induced nearly similar left ventricular morphological modifications in the two age groups, even though greater in the older athletes with respect to the ventricular mass and volume. No relevant differences were observed in the Doppler filling pattern between athletes and sedentary controls.
为了评估衰老对心血管系统耐力训练及停训适应的影响，研究人员对12名年轻男性（年龄范围19 - 25岁）和12名老年男性（年龄范围50 - 65岁）自行车运动员在训练期间以及停训2个月后进行了检查。选取12名年龄和体表面积匹配的年轻健康久坐男性和12名老年健康久坐男性作为对照组。每位受试者进行了一项使用自行车测力计的最大运动测试以测量最大耗氧量，进行了M型和二维超声心动图检查以评估左心室形态和收缩功能，并进行了多普勒超声心动图检查以评估舒张期充盈模式。在训练期间，两组运动员的最大耗氧量、左心室壁厚度、舒张末期直径和容积以及左心室质量均高于其对照组受试者；在老年受试者中，心脏对有氧训练的适应似乎主要通过左心室舒张期充盈的更大增加来实现。两组的射血分数和舒张功能参数均未记录到显著变化。停训期后，仅年轻运动员的壁厚度下降，而仅老年运动员的左心室质量、舒张末期直径和容积减小。总之，训练和停训在两个年龄组中引起了几乎相似的左心室形态改变，尽管老年运动员在心室质量和容积方面的改变更大。运动员与久坐对照组之间在多普勒充盈模式方面未观察到相关差异。
