Paykel E S, Huppert F A, Brayne C
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, UK.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1998 Aug;33(8):387-92. doi: 10.1007/s001270050070.
This paper summarises the methods and some of the findings of a large cohort study of dementia and cognitive decline in subjects aged over 75 years in Cambridge, particularly regarding the incidence wave. From a sample of 1968 subjects previously studied in a prevalence study in 1985-1987, survivors were restudied at 2.4 years, in a two-stage design employing the Mini; Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX). High incidence rates of dementia were found, which rose steeply with age, particularly for Alzheimer's disease. New minimal dementia and milder cognitive impairment were also common. Cognitive decline on the MMSE showed a near normal, non-bimodal distribution. The sample has since been restudied at intervals for a total of up to 9 years to document longitudinal cognitive change. Brains have been obtained for post mortem neuropathological and molecular biological study, particularly of the early sequential changes associated with cognitive decline and dementia.
本文总结了一项针对剑桥75岁以上老年人痴呆症和认知衰退的大型队列研究的方法及部分研究结果，尤其涉及发病率波动情况。从1968名曾在1985 - 1987年患病率研究中接受过研究的受试者样本中，对幸存者进行了为期2.4年的再次研究，采用两阶段设计，运用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）和剑桥老年精神障碍检查表（CAMDEX）。研究发现痴呆症发病率很高，且随年龄急剧上升，尤其是阿尔茨海默病。新出现的轻度痴呆和较轻的认知障碍也很常见。MMSE上的认知衰退呈近似正态的非双峰分布。此后，对该样本进行了长达9年的定期再次研究，以记录认知的纵向变化。已获取大脑用于死后神经病理学和分子生物学研究，特别是与认知衰退和痴呆症相关的早期连续变化的研究。
