Sánchez-Romero C, Guillén R, Heredia A, Jiménez A, Fernández-Bolaños J
Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain.
J Food Prot. 1998 Jan;61(1):87-93. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-61.1.87.
Changes that take place in the hemicellulosic and cellulosic polysaccharide fractions of the cell wall of olives (Olea europaea pomiformis, Manzanilla variety) during "Spanish style" processing have been studied. A comparative study of the extraction of hemicellulosic polysaccharides with and without prior delignification showed that these compounds could be extracted without previous delignification of the cell wall material. The depectinated material was sequentially extracted with 1 M and 4 M potassium hydroxide. In the unprocessed fruit, the neutral polysaccharides of the 1 M potassium hydroxide-soluble fraction contained mainly xyloglucans with significant amounts of arabinans. In the 4 M potassium hydroxide-soluble fraction, xyloglucans were the most important polysaccharide. The apparent molecular weight of these polysaccharides was 40 to 250 kDa. In addition, hemicelluloses (xylans and xyloglucans), which it was not possible to isolate in the previous stages of fractionation, were also found to be closely linked to the cellulose fraction. The most important changes during processing were the decrease in the molecular weight of xyloglucans in the 4 M potassium hydroxide-soluble fraction and the substantial decrease in the cellulose fraction, which in quantitative terms was one of the largest decreases that took place in the components of the total cell wall polysaccharides.
研究了“西班牙式”加工过程中橄榄（油橄榄马扎尼拉品种）细胞壁中半纤维素和纤维素多糖组分发生的变化。对有无预先脱木质素情况下半纤维素多糖提取的比较研究表明，这些化合物可以在不预先对细胞壁材料进行脱木质素的情况下提取。对脱果胶物质依次用1M和4M氢氧化钾进行提取。在未加工的果实中，1M氢氧化钾可溶级分中的中性多糖主要含有木葡聚糖以及大量阿拉伯聚糖。在4M氢氧化钾可溶级分中，木葡聚糖是最重要的多糖。这些多糖的表观分子量为40至250 kDa。此外，在前几个分级阶段无法分离的半纤维素（木聚糖和木葡聚糖）也被发现与纤维素级分紧密相连。加工过程中最重要的变化是4M氢氧化钾可溶级分中木葡聚糖分子量的降低以及纤维素级分的大幅减少，从数量上看，这是总细胞壁多糖组分中最大的减少之一。
