Ng J C, Kratzmann S M, Qi L, Crawley H, Chiswell B, Moore M R
National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, Brisbane, Australia
Analyst. 1998 May;123(5):889-92. doi: 10.1039/a707728i.
Watson is a fully developed suburb of some 30 years in Canberra (the capital city of Australia). A plunge dip using arsenical pesticides for tick control was operated there between 1946 and 1960. Chemical investigations revealed that many soil samples obtained from the study area contained levels of arsenic exceeding the current health-based investigation levels of 100 mg kg-1 set by the National Healthy and Medical Research Council in Australia. For the speciation study, nine composite samples of surface and sub-surface soils and a composite samples of rocks were selected. ICP-MS analysis showed that arsenic levels in these samples ranged from 32 to 1597 mg kg-1. Chemical speciation of arsenic showed that the arsenite (trivalent) components were 0.32-56% in the soil and 44.8% in the rock composite samples. Using a rat model, the absolute bioavailability of these contaminated soils relative to As3+ or As5+ ranged from 1.02 to 9.87% and 0.26 to 2.98%, respectively. An attempt was made to develop a suitable leachate test as an index of bioavailability. However, the results indicated that there was no significant correlation between the bioavailability and leachates using neutral pH water or 1M HC1. Our results indicate that speciation is highly significant for the interpretation of bioavailability and risk assessment data; the bioavailability fractions of arsenic in soils from Watson are small and therefore the healthy impact upon the environment and humans due to this element is limited.
沃森是澳大利亚首都堪培拉一个发展成熟约30年的郊区。1946年至1960年间，当地采用含砷杀虫剂进行蜱虫控制。化学调查显示，从研究区域采集的许多土壤样本中的砷含量超过了澳大利亚国家健康与医学研究委员会设定的基于健康的现行调查水平100毫克/千克。在形态研究中，选取了9个表层和次表层土壤的混合样本以及1个岩石混合样本。电感耦合等离子体质谱分析表明，这些样本中的砷含量在32至1597毫克/千克之间。砷的化学形态分析表明，土壤中砷酸盐（三价）成分占0.32 - 56%，岩石混合样本中占44.8%。使用大鼠模型，这些受污染土壤相对于As3 +或As5 +的绝对生物利用度分别在1.02%至9.87%和0.26%至2.98%之间。曾尝试开发一种合适的渗滤液测试作为生物利用度指标。然而，结果表明，使用中性pH水或1M盐酸的渗滤液与生物利用度之间没有显著相关性。我们的结果表明，形态对于生物利用度的解释和风险评估数据非常重要；沃森土壤中砷的生物利用度部分较小，因此该元素对环境和人类的健康影响有限。
