Bofill J A, Sharp G H
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1998 Sep;25(3):465-78. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8545(05)70022-x.
Most patients in the United States have an indication for and receive sonography during pregnancy. The issue of routine sonography for low-risk women continues to be contentious even though the randomized trials have not been able to demonstrate a clear benefit. Clinics that routinely offer sonography for all pregnancies usually schedule such a procedure at 16 to 20 weeks of gestation. Although great progress is being made in the first-trimester diagnoses of congenital anomalies, most targeted studies are performed at 18 to 20 weeks of gestation. Although many private obstetricians perform in-office sonography, the highest rates of detection of congenital anomalies are seen in tertiary care settings such as a university medical center. In difficult or otherwise high-risk cases, a consulting perinatologist is commonly the physician most likely to integrate the ultrasound findings with a rational management plan for the remainder of the pregnancy and for delivery.
在美国，大多数孕妇都有接受超声检查的指征并在孕期接受了超声检查。尽管随机试验未能证明其有明显益处，但针对低风险女性的常规超声检查问题仍然存在争议。通常为所有孕妇常规提供超声检查的诊所，通常会在妊娠16至20周安排此项检查。虽然在先天性异常的孕早期诊断方面取得了很大进展，但大多数针对性研究是在妊娠18至20周进行的。尽管许多私人产科医生在诊所内进行超声检查，但先天性异常的最高检出率出现在三级医疗环境中，如大学医学中心。在困难或其他高危病例中，围产医学专家通常是最有可能将超声检查结果与妊娠剩余时间及分娩的合理管理计划相结合的医生。
