Salazar I, Sánchez Quinteiro P
Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
Microsc Res Tech. 1998 Jun 15;41(6):492-505. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19980615)41:6<492::AID-JEMT5>3.0.CO;2-P.
The blood supply and osseocartilaginous support structures of the vomeronasal organ of the rat were studied. The study focused on adults, though 3- to 18-day-old animals were also examined. The techniques used included dissection and microdissection, injection of the vascular system with Araldite or with Indian ink in agar or gelatine, conventional histology, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that blood reaches the vomeronasal organ via a branch of the sphenopalatine artery, and drains into an associated vein. Within the organ, one vein stood out by virtue of its size; this vein is accompanied by lesser veins, together with arterioles, capillaries, and lymphatic vessels. Connective tissue was readily apparent, though its distribution was heterogeneous. Analysis of series of transverse sections indicates that, in adults, the capsule that encases the vomeronasal organ is bony; in younger animals, the capsule is bony externally and cartilaginous internally; in very young animals, the capsule is entirely cartilaginous. However, it was noted that the change from cartilage to bone was due not to ossification of the existing cartilage, but to physical displacement of that cartilage by an extension of the vomer and incisive bones. Taken together, these results confirm the importance of considering the morphology of the vomeronasal organ as a whole, since there are major changes from rostral to caudal ends. Secondly, our findings regarding blood supply and the nature of the capsule support the view that the vomeronasal organ acts as a pump.
对大鼠犁鼻器的血液供应和骨软骨支持结构进行了研究。该研究主要针对成年大鼠，不过也对3至18日龄的动物进行了检查。所采用的技术包括解剖和显微解剖、用Araldite或在琼脂或明胶中注入印度墨汁来灌注血管系统、传统组织学以及扫描和透射电子显微镜检查。结果表明，血液通过蝶腭动脉的一个分支到达犁鼻器，并排入一条相关的静脉。在该器官内，有一条静脉因其大小而格外突出；这条静脉伴有较小的静脉，还有小动脉、毛细血管和淋巴管。结缔组织很容易观察到，但其分布并不均匀。对一系列横切面的分析表明，在成年大鼠中，包裹犁鼻器的包膜是骨性的；在较年幼的动物中，包膜外部是骨性的，内部是软骨性的；在非常年幼的动物中，包膜完全是软骨性的。然而，值得注意的是，从软骨到骨的变化并非由于现有软骨的骨化，而是由于犁骨和切牙骨的延伸对该软骨的物理性移位。综上所述，这些结果证实了将犁鼻器的形态作为一个整体来考虑的重要性，因为从吻端到尾端存在重大变化。其次，我们关于血液供应和包膜性质的研究结果支持了犁鼻器起到泵作用的观点。
