Nakamura Y, Kano R, Watanabe S, Takahashi H, Hasegawa A
Teikyo University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Tokyo, Japan.
Mycoses. 1998 May-Jun;41(5-6):199-202. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1998.tb00324.x.
The in vitro susceptibility of 16 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans to three antifungal drugs and lysozyme in combination was determined using an urea broth microdilution method. The antifungal activities of each drug alone against 16 isolates of Cr. neoformans were determined as mean minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). MICs of fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine were 2.0 micrograms ml-1, 0.004 microgram ml-1 and 0.25 microgram ml-1, respectively. Lysozyme alone inhibited the growth of Cr. neoformans in a dose-dependent manner, although the lysozyme was unable to kill the cells of Cr. neoformans at the highest concentration of 20 micrograms ml-1. The mean MICs of fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine in combination with lysozyme were 0.13 microgram ml-1, 0.004 microgram ml-1 and 0.03 microgram ml-1 respectively. The antifungal activity of fluconazole and terbinafine in combination with lysozyme against Cr. neoformans was greatly enhanced compared with that of each drug alone. Itraconazole was unable to enhance the antifungal activity, as it demonstrated higher activity against Cr. neoformans when alone rather than in combination. Lysozyme was confirmed to enhance the antifungal activity of fluconazole and terbinafine in vitro.
采用尿素肉汤微量稀释法测定了16株新型隐球菌对三种抗真菌药物及溶菌酶联合用药的体外敏感性。分别测定了每种药物单独对16株新型隐球菌的抗真菌活性，以平均最低抑菌浓度（MIC）表示。氟康唑、伊曲康唑和特比萘芬的MIC分别为2.0微克/毫升、0.004微克/毫升和0.25微克/毫升。单独使用溶菌酶可抑制新型隐球菌的生长，且呈剂量依赖性，不过在最高浓度20微克/毫升时，溶菌酶无法杀死新型隐球菌细胞。氟康唑、伊曲康唑和特比萘芬与溶菌酶联合用药时的平均MIC分别为0.13微克/毫升、0.004微克/毫升和0.03微克/毫升。与单独使用每种药物相比，氟康唑和特比萘芬与溶菌酶联合使用时对新型隐球菌的抗真菌活性大大增强。伊曲康唑无法增强抗真菌活性，因为其单独使用时对新型隐球菌的活性高于联合使用时。证实溶菌酶在体外可增强氟康唑和特比萘芬的抗真菌活性。
