Giancola P R, Mezzich A C, Tarter R E
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213-2593, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 1998 Sep;59(5):560-7. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1998.59.560.
This study had four objectives: (1) to determine whether female adolescents with a psychoactive substance use disorder are more impaired than controls on a battery of neuropsychological tests of Executive Cognitive Functioning (ECF); (2) to determine whether these individuals exhibit higher levels of disruptive, delinquent and aggressive behavior compared with controls; (3) to determine whether ECF is related to disruptive, delinquent and aggressive behavior in this population; and (4) to determine whether these relations are moderated by drug use.
Multiple indicators of ECF, and disruptive, delinquent and aggressive behavior, as well as drug use, were used to test these relations in a sample of 188 female adolescents who qualified for a DSM-III-R diagnosis of a psychoactive substance use disorder (PSUD) and 95 normal controls between the ages of 14-18 years (N = 283).
Hierarchical multiple regression equations determined that ECF was related to disruptive, delinquent and aggressive behavior even when chronological age, SES and drug use were accounted for. The final regression models suggested that drug use was more strongly related to disruptive and delinquent behavior, whereas ECF was more strongly related to aggression. Drug use did not moderate any relation between ECF and the dependent measures.
One implication of these results is that violence prevention and treatment outcomes may be ameliorated by incorporating cognitive habilitation of ECF as an integral component of multimodel interventions.
本研究有四个目标：（1）确定患有精神活性物质使用障碍的女性青少年在一系列执行认知功能（ECF）神经心理学测试中是否比对照组受损更严重；（2）确定与对照组相比，这些个体是否表现出更高水平的破坏性行为、违法犯罪行为和攻击性行为；（3）确定ECF是否与该人群中的破坏性行为、违法犯罪行为和攻击性行为相关；（4）确定这些关系是否受药物使用的调节。
在188名符合精神活性物质使用障碍（PSUD）DSM-III-R诊断标准的女性青少年和95名年龄在14至18岁之间的正常对照组（N = 283）样本中，使用ECF、破坏性行为、违法犯罪行为和攻击性行为以及药物使用的多项指标来测试这些关系。
分层多元回归方程确定，即使考虑了实际年龄、社会经济地位和药物使用情况，ECF仍与破坏性行为、违法犯罪行为和攻击性行为相关。最终回归模型表明，药物使用与破坏性行为和违法犯罪行为的相关性更强，而ECF与攻击性行为的相关性更强。药物使用并未调节ECF与相关测量指标之间的任何关系。
这些结果的一个启示是，将ECF的认知康复作为多模式干预的一个组成部分，可能会改善暴力预防和治疗效果。
