McKinzie D L, Nowak K L, Yorger L, McBride W J, Murphy J M, Lumeng L, Li T K
Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-4887, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Aug;22(5):1170-6.
The alcohol-deprivation effect (ADE) was examined under 4-hr operant and 24-hr free-choice alcohol access in the alcohol-preferring (P) rat after deprivation intervals from 2 to 4 weeks. Results indicated that adult male P rats responding for 6 weeks on a concurrent FR-5/FR-1 schedule of reinforcement for alcohol and water, respectively, and then deprived of alcohol for 2 weeks, demonstrated a 40% increase in alcohol responding during the first 60 min of alcohol reinstatement. The alcohol deprivation effect was temporary, however, as responding did not differ from baseline levels on the second day of reinstatement. In a second experiment, weanling male and female P rats received 7 weeks of continuous access to alcohol, beginning at 21 days of age, and were then deprived of alcohol for 4 weeks. On the first day of alcohol reinstatement, P rats exhibited a 40% to 45% increase from baseline alcohol drinking levels, with alcohol intake returning to baseline levels by the 3rd day of reinstatement. Although alcohol intake was higher in females than in males when adjustment was made for body weight, there were no gender differences in the magnitude of the alcohol deprivation effect. Taken together, these results indicate that the ADE is a long-lasting phenomenon that occurs under both operant and continuous access conditions in the P rat, and thus these rats may be useful models for the study of factors involved in relapse of alcohol drinking.
在酒精偏好（P）大鼠中，剥夺酒精2至4周后，在4小时操作性条件下以及24小时自由选择获取酒精的情况下，对酒精剥夺效应（ADE）进行了研究。结果表明，成年雄性P大鼠分别在酒精和水的FR-5/FR-1并发强化程序上反应6周，然后剥夺酒精2周，在酒精恢复供应的前60分钟内，酒精反应增加了40%。然而，酒精剥夺效应是暂时的，因为在恢复供应的第二天，反应与基线水平没有差异。在第二个实验中，断乳的雄性和雌性P大鼠从21日龄开始连续7周可获取酒精，然后剥夺酒精4周。在酒精恢复供应的第一天，P大鼠的酒精摄入量比基线水平增加了40%至45%，到恢复供应的第3天，酒精摄入量恢复到基线水平。尽管在根据体重进行调整后，雌性的酒精摄入量高于雄性，但酒精剥夺效应的程度没有性别差异。综上所述，这些结果表明，ADE是一种持久的现象，在P大鼠的操作性条件和连续获取条件下都会出现，因此这些大鼠可能是研究酒精饮用复发相关因素的有用模型。
