Back M R, Caridi J G, Hawkins I F, Seeger J M
Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 1998 Aug;78(4):575-91. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(05)70335-2.
CO2 possesses many advantages over conventional iodinated contrast agents used for arteriography. It is nonallergic and lacks renal toxicity. Its unique properties permit use of smaller catheters in diagnostic and therapeutic angiographic procedures, allow optimal vascular imaging of various neoplasm, assist in detection of occult gastrointestinal bleeding, and facilitate TIPS procedures. With digital subtraction techniques and stacking programs, CO2 arteriography is as accurate as iodinated contrast studies in most patients and thus is the preferred arterial imaging technique in patients with contrast allergy and renal insufficiency. CO2 is also extremely inexpensive compared with available contrast agents. Understanding of the effects of buoyancy and compressibility is necessary for safe, controlled delivery of CO2 during arteriography, but only rare complications have occurred in our large experience with CO2 angiography. Thus, use of CO2 as an arterial contrast agent significantly expands the safety and utility of arterial imaging in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
与用于血管造影的传统碘化造影剂相比，二氧化碳具有许多优势。它无过敏反应且无肾毒性。其独特的特性允许在诊断和治疗性血管造影术中使用更细的导管，能对各种肿瘤进行最佳的血管成像，有助于检测隐匿性胃肠道出血，并便于经颈静脉肝内门体分流术（TIPS）操作。借助数字减影技术和叠加程序，在大多数患者中，二氧化碳血管造影与碘化造影剂检查一样准确，因此是对比剂过敏和肾功能不全患者首选的动脉成像技术。与现有的造影剂相比，二氧化碳的成本也极低。在血管造影术中安全、可控地输送二氧化碳需要了解浮力和可压缩性的影响，但在我们大量的二氧化碳血管造影经验中，仅发生过罕见的并发症。因此，使用二氧化碳作为动脉造影剂显著扩大了外周血管疾病患者动脉成像的安全性和实用性。
