Marván M L, Díaz-Erosa M, Montesinos A
Department of Psychology, University of the Americas-Puebla.
J Psychol. 1998 Sep;132(5):517-26. doi: 10.1080/00223989809599284.
Most women present some premenstrual symptoms, which may be influenced by diverse sociocultural factors. The authors studied the premenstrual symptoms of 89 healthy Mexican women living in rural areas and whose education ranged from no schooling to middle school attendance, and 182 women living in urban areas whose education ranged from elementary school to professional studies. The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (R. H. Moos, 1968) was completed by all the women during the premenstrual and postmenstrual phases of one menstrual cycle. The percentage of women who reported mild symptoms was 87% on somatic scales and 86% on psychological scales. Premenstrual symptoms were more severe among women engaged in professional studies. Urban women reported more severe psychological symptoms than rural women. When women who were engaged in professional studies were excluded from the data analyses, no differences between the groups were found. Thus, it appears that the women's level of education affected premenstrual symptoms more than their rural or urban backgrounds did.
