Rule D C, McCormick R J
Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071, USA.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 1998 Mar;119(3):563-70. doi: 10.1016/s0305-0491(98)00029-7.
The purpose of this study was to determine effects of lactation, season, and age on fatty acid compositions of adipose tissue (subcutaneous and perirenal), liver, and muscle (m. longissimus dorsi), and on cholesterol concentration of liver and muscle, of female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Lactation did not affect fatty acid composition in adipose tissue or muscle, but in liver, weight percentages of 18:2 were lower, and of 20:4 higher in non-lactating does. Increased age (fawns, yearlings, 2 and 3+(-)years old) decreased 14:0, 15:0, and 16:0 in subcutaneous adipose tissue; decreased 14:0, 15:0, 16:1, 18:2, and increased 18:0 in perirenal adipose tissue; increased 18:1 and decreased 18:2 in liver; and increased 18:1, 18:3, and 20:4, and decreased 18:2 in muscle. Season of the year had little effect on adipose tissue and muscle fatty acids. Liver of fall season does had greater concentrations of most fatty acids than winter does, and cholesterol concentration was greatest in liver of winter does. It was concluded that season and lactation minimally affect fatty acid composition in adipose and muscle, whereas changes in saturated and unsaturated fatty acids occur with increased age. Also, liver fatty acids are influenced by each parameter studied, but cholesterol varies only with season.
本研究的目的是确定泌乳、季节和年龄对雌性白尾鹿（弗吉尼亚鹿）脂肪组织（皮下和肾周）、肝脏和肌肉（背最长肌）脂肪酸组成的影响，以及对肝脏和肌肉胆固醇浓度的影响。泌乳对脂肪组织或肌肉中的脂肪酸组成没有影响，但在肝脏中，非泌乳母鹿的18:2重量百分比更低，而20:4的更高。年龄增长（小鹿、一岁鹿、2岁和3岁以上）会使皮下脂肪组织中的14:0、15:0和16:0减少；肾周脂肪组织中的14:0、15:0、16:1、18:2减少，18:0增加；肝脏中的18:1增加，18:2减少；肌肉中的18:1、18:3和20:4增加，18:2减少。一年中的季节对脂肪组织和肌肉脂肪酸影响很小。秋季母鹿肝脏中大多数脂肪酸的浓度高于冬季母鹿，而冬季母鹿肝脏中的胆固醇浓度最高。得出的结论是，季节和泌乳对脂肪和肌肉中的脂肪酸组成影响最小，而饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的变化随着年龄增长而发生。此外，肝脏脂肪酸受所研究的每个参数影响，但胆固醇仅随季节变化。
