日粮总含硫氨基酸和蛋氨酸对育成后备母猪生长性能和胴体特性的影响。

Influence of dietary total sulfur amino acids and methionine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing gilts.

作者信息

Loughmiller J A, Nelssen J L, Goodband R D, Tokach M D, Titgemeyer E C, Kim I H

机构信息

Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1998 Aug;76(8):2129-37. doi: 10.2527/1998.7682129x.

DOI:10.2527/1998.7682129x

PMID:9734863

Abstract

We conducted three experiments to determine the sulfur amino acid (SAA) and methionine requirements of finishing gilts. Gilts (PIC Line 326 x C-15, Exp. 1; Line 326 x C-22, Exp. 2 and 3) were blocked by initial weight in randomized complete block designs. In Exp. 1, 64 gilts (initially 54 kg) were fed diets containing either .56 or .44% apparent digestible lysine with increasing SAA levels (63, 70, and 77% of apparent digestible lysine) in a 2 x 3 factorial. A lysine x SAA interaction (P < .10) was observed for ADG and ADFI. Increasing SAA:lysine ratios from 63 to 70% in diets containing .56% apparent digestible lysine increased ADG and ADFI; however, increasing the SAA:lysine ratio in diets containing .44% apparent digestible lysine decreased ADG and ADFI. Pigs fed .56% apparent digestible lysine had higher (P < .05) ADG and gain:feed ratio (G/F) and lower 10th rib fat depth than pigs fed .44% apparent digestible lysine. Increasing the SAA:lysine ratio had no effect on G/F or carcass characteristics. In Exp. 2, 80 gilts (initially 74 kg) were fed diets containing .225, .25, .275, .30, or .325% apparent digestible SAA (45, 50, 55, 60, or 65% of .50% apparent digestible lysine, respectively). Increasing SAA concentrations decreased ADG and G/F (linear, P < .06). In Exp. 3, 105 gilts (initially 72 kg) were fed diets containing .20% apparent digestible cystine and .10, .125, or .15% apparent digestible methionine (20, 25, or 30% of .50% apparent digestible lysine). Increasing digestible methionine increased ADG, ADFI, plasma methionine concentrations (linear, P < .01), and G/F (quadratic, P < .03). The greatest increases in ADG and G/F were observed when apparent digestible methionine was increased from .10 to .125%. Based on these results, the apparent digestible methionine requirement is no greater than 25% of apparent digestible lysine, in diets containing excess cystine. This equates to an apparent digestible SAA:lysine ratio that is no greater than 50%.

摘要

我们进行了三项试验，以确定育成后备母猪的含硫氨基酸（SAA）和蛋氨酸需要量。后备母猪（试验1为PIC 326系×C-15；试验2和3为326系×C-22）在随机完全区组设计中按初始体重进行分组。试验1中，64头后备母猪（初始体重54千克）被饲喂含有0.56%或0.44%表观可消化赖氨酸的日粮，同时SAA水平逐步增加（分别为表观可消化赖氨酸的63%、70%和77%），采用2×3析因设计。观察到平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）存在赖氨酸×SAA互作效应（P<0.10）。在含有0.56%表观可消化赖氨酸的日粮中，将SAA:赖氨酸比例从63%提高到70%可增加ADG和ADFI；然而，在含有0.44%表观可消化赖氨酸的日粮中提高SAA:赖氨酸比例则会降低ADG和ADFI。饲喂0.56%表观可消化赖氨酸的猪比饲喂0.44%表观可消化赖氨酸的猪具有更高的（P<0.05）ADG和增重:饲料比（G/F），且第10肋处背膘厚度更低。提高SAA:赖氨酸比例对G/F或胴体性状无影响。试验2中，80头后备母猪（初始体重74千克）被饲喂含有0.225%、0.25%、0.275%、0.30%或0.325%表观可消化SAA的日粮（分别为0.50%表观可消化赖氨酸的45%、50%、55%、60%或65%）。增加SAA浓度会降低ADG和G/F（线性关系，P<0.06）。试验3中，105头后备母猪（初始体重72千克）被饲喂含有0.20%表观可消化胱氨酸以及0.10%、0.125%或0.15%表观可消化蛋氨酸的日粮（分别为0.50%表观可消化赖氨酸的20%、25%或30%）。增加可消化蛋氨酸可提高ADG、ADFI、血浆蛋氨酸浓度（线性关系，P<0.01）以及G/F（二次曲线关系，P<0.03）。当表观可消化蛋氨酸从0.10%增加到0.125%时，ADG和G/F的增幅最大。基于这些结果，在含有过量胱氨酸的日粮中，表观可消化蛋氨酸需要量不超过表观可消化赖氨酸的25%。这相当于表观可消化SAA:赖氨酸比例不超过50%。