Torvaldsen S, Watson T
National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Parramatta, New South Wales.
Commun Dis Intell. 1998 Aug 6;22(8):149-52.
Post-exposure rabies prophylaxis is provided by the Health Department of Western Australia to persons exposed to potentially rabid animals overseas. In addition, since the discovery of Australian bat lyssavirus in 1996, rabies prophylaxis has been provided to persons exposed or likely to be exposed to Australian bats. This article reviews the provision of rabies prophylaxis in Western Australia from July 1991 to December 1997. During this period, 101 persons received rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Western Australia. Exposure occurred outside Australia in 91% of cases. Dogs were the most frequent source of exposure (62.4%) and Thailand was the most frequent country of exposure (34.7%). However in 1997, Australian bat exposures accounted for 37.5% of all post-exposure prophylaxis. No pre-exposure prophylaxis was given until 1997, when eight persons received rabies vaccine to protect them against possible infection with Australian bat lyssavirus. Until the epidemiology of Australian bat lyssavirus is more clearly defined, the Lyssavirus Expert Group has recommended rabies prophylaxis be given for all Australian bat exposures. In the context of Australian bat lyssavirus as an emerging infectious disease it is important to have baseline data on rabies prophylaxis to allow for future assessment of its impact.
西澳大利亚州卫生部为在海外接触过可能感染狂犬病动物的人员提供暴露后狂犬病预防措施。此外，自1996年发现澳大利亚蝙蝠狂犬病病毒以来，也为接触或可能接触澳大利亚蝙蝠的人员提供狂犬病预防措施。本文回顾了1991年7月至1997年12月期间西澳大利亚州狂犬病预防措施的提供情况。在此期间，西澳大利亚州有101人接受了暴露后狂犬病预防治疗。91%的暴露情况发生在澳大利亚境外。狗是最常见的暴露源（62.4%），泰国是最常见的暴露发生国（34.7%）。然而在1997年，接触澳大利亚蝙蝠导致的暴露占所有暴露后预防治疗的37.5%。直到1997年才有8人接受狂犬病疫苗接种以预防可能感染澳大利亚蝙蝠狂犬病病毒，在此之前未进行暴露前预防。在澳大利亚蝙蝠狂犬病病毒的流行病学情况更明确之前，狂犬病病毒专家组建议对所有接触澳大利亚蝙蝠的情况都进行狂犬病预防。鉴于澳大利亚蝙蝠狂犬病病毒是一种新出现的传染病，获取狂犬病预防的基线数据对于未来评估其影响很重要。
