Paykel E S, Klerman G L, Prusoff B A
Br J Psychiatry. 1976 Oct;129:327-34. doi: 10.1192/bjp.129.4.327.
This paper reports relationships between symptoms and premorbid personality in a varied sample of depressed patients. Symptoms were rated by a psychiatrist at clinical interview; personality was rated by patients on a self-report after clinical improvement, using the Maudsley Personality Inventory and an inventory of obsessive, hysterical and oral personality. Additional ratings on the latter were obtained at interview with a relative. The most prominent finding was that patients with premorbid neuroticism also showed a neurotic rather than an endogenous symptom pattern. Additional relationships were relatively weak but consistent with previous studies. Depressives with neurotic rather than endogenous symptom pattern showed more evidence of oral dependent personality and less obsessionality. Patients with hysterical personalities tended to be less severely ill and to show a pattern characterized by mixed depression and hostility with less evidence of anxiety.
本文报告了不同类型抑郁症患者症状与病前人格之间的关系。症状由精神科医生在临床访谈时进行评定；人格由患者在临床症状改善后通过自我报告进行评定，采用莫兹利人格问卷以及一份关于强迫、癔症和口欲期人格的量表。通过与患者亲属的访谈获得了关于后者的额外评定结果。最显著的发现是，病前具有神经质的患者也表现出神经质性而非内源性的症状模式。其他关系相对较弱，但与先前的研究一致。具有神经质性而非内源性症状模式的抑郁症患者表现出更多口欲期依赖人格的证据，且强迫性较少。具有癔症人格的患者往往病情较轻，表现出以混合性抑郁和敌意为主且焦虑证据较少的模式。
