Soyannwo O A, Ajuwon A J, Amanor-Boadu S D, Ajao O G
Department of Anaesthesia, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
East Afr Med J. 1998 Apr;75(4):243-5.
A retrospective survey of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the recovery room over a five year period was conducted, followed by a prospective study of 200 adult patients to estimate the incidence and predisposing factors to nausea and vomiting during the first 24 hours after anaesthesia and surgery in Nigerians. In the retrospective study only records of 61 patients (0.79%) out of the 7714 post anaesthetic recovery room charts reviewed revealed documentation of vomiting. These were 20 males (32.8%) and 41 females (67.2%). In the prospective study, the incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting within twenty four hours of surgery was 41.6% and 19.6%, respectively. But only two out of 39 patients (one per cent) vomited within the first three hours in postoperative period. The frequency of vomiting varied from one to 15 times and women had significantly more emetic symptoms than men (p < 0.05). Preoperative administration of pethidine and morphine was associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is suggested that Nigerian women should be considered for prophylactic anti-emetic therapy, especially when narcotic analgesic are to be employed in their anaesthetic management.
对五年间恢复室中的术后恶心呕吐（PONV）情况进行了回顾性调查，随后对200例成年患者进行了前瞻性研究，以评估尼日利亚人在麻醉和手术后24小时内恶心呕吐的发生率及诱发因素。在回顾性研究中，在审查的7714份麻醉后恢复室图表中，仅有61例患者（0.79%）的记录显示有呕吐记录。其中男性20例（32.8%），女性41例（67.2%）。在前瞻性研究中，术后24小时内恶心和呕吐的发生率分别为41.6%和19.6%。但在术后前三小时内，39例患者中只有2例（百分之一）呕吐。呕吐频率从1次到15次不等，女性的呕吐症状明显多于男性（p<0.05）。术前给予哌替啶和吗啡与术后恶心呕吐有关。建议对尼日利亚女性考虑预防性使用抗呕吐治疗，尤其是在其麻醉管理中使用麻醉性镇痛药时。
