Besset A, Villemin E, Tafti M, Billiard M
Service de Neurologie B, Unité des Troubles du Sommeil et de l'éveil, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1998 Aug;107(2):122-32. doi: 10.1016/s0013-4694(98)00048-0.
A low level of process 5 at bed time would be responsible for a reduced amount of slow-wave activity (SWA) leading to increased alpha activity and awakenings at the end of the night.
Following a base-line night (BLN) recording, 7 sleep-maintenance insomnia (SMI) subjects and 7 sex- and age-matched controls were maintained on 21 h of sleep deprivation. Thereafter, a recovery night (RN) was performed from 2300 h until spontaneous awakening. SWA (power density of the EEG delta band between 0.75 and 4.5 Hz) was monitored by means of spectral analysis (FFT). Sleep spindles and the occupation ratio of Rechtschaffen and Kales EEG bands were observed by integrated digital filtering analysis.
SWA was lower in SMI subjects than in controls during RN but was higher than in BLN indicating that the homeostatic process was operating, but weaker in SMI subjects. On the other hand in SMI subjects the sleep spindle index (SSI) did not decrease during slow-wave sleep and was significantly lower than in controls. Moreover during RN the SSI decreased significantly during the first sleep cycle in controls and not in SMI subjects. The existence of an inverse relationship between SWA and SSI was therefore not observed in insomniacs. Finally the mean duration of alpha frequency significantly increased in SMI subjects.
It is hypothesised that in SMI subjects, an alteration of the homeostatic process is responsible for insufficient sleep pressure leading to an inability to maintain sleep for an extended period.
睡前较低水平的5期睡眠过程会导致慢波活动（SWA）减少，进而导致夜间后期α活动增加和觉醒。
在进行基线夜（BLN）记录后，7名睡眠维持性失眠（SMI）受试者和7名性别与年龄匹配的对照组受试者接受21小时的睡眠剥夺。此后，从23:00开始进行恢复夜（RN）记录，直至自然觉醒。通过频谱分析（快速傅里叶变换）监测SWA（脑电图δ频段在0.75至4.5赫兹之间的功率密度）。通过集成数字滤波分析观察睡眠纺锤波以及 Rechtschaffen和Kales脑电图频段的占有率。
在恢复夜期间，SMI受试者的SWA低于对照组，但高于基线夜，这表明内稳态过程在起作用，但在SMI受试者中较弱。另一方面，在SMI受试者中，慢波睡眠期间睡眠纺锤波指数（SSI）没有下降，且显著低于对照组。此外，在恢复夜期间，对照组在第一个睡眠周期中SSI显著下降，而SMI受试者则没有。因此，在失眠症患者中未观察到SWA与SSI之间存在反比关系。最后，SMI受试者中α频率的平均持续时间显著增加。
据推测，在SMI受试者中，内稳态过程的改变导致睡眠压力不足，从而无法长时间维持睡眠。
