Franc M, Cadiergues M C
Unité de Dermatologie-Parasitologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse.
Parasite. 1998 Mar;5(1):83-6. doi: 10.1051/parasite/1998051083.
Evaluation of insecticidal activity of flea products is generally based on counting live fleas in the animal's coat 24 and 48 hours following artificial infestation. This approach, however, does not allow to specify whether the fleas have had the opportunity to bite and take a bloodmeal prior to their death. To address this question, 30 cats were alloted to six groups of five animals. Each cat was housed in a separate cage. At Day 0, each group of cats received a single treatment as follows: Group 1: spot-on application of imidacloprid: cats < 4 kg: 40 mg/cat, cats > or = 4 kg: 80 mg/cat (Advantage). Group 2: spot-on application of fipronil: 50 mg/cat (Frontline spot-on). Group 3: spray application of fipronil: 7.5 mg/kg b.w. (Frontline spray). Group 4: foam application of permethrin 40/60: 50 mg/kg b.w. (Defencat). Group 5: aerosol spray application of dichlorvos + fenitrothion: one second/kg b.w. (NuvanTop). Group 6: control group: cats were left untreated. One hour after treatment, each cat was infested with 50 unengorged young adult fleas, Ctenocephalides felis, deposited along the dorsal midline. One hour later, each cat was carefully combed using a fine-toothed comb (13 teeth/cm). Collected fleas were swatted to deteci blood in their abdomen. To the manufacturers respective product use instructions and efficacy claims, reeinfestations were made at Days 3, 7, 14 in all groups; at Days 21 and 30 in Groups 1, 2, 4, 6; at Days 35 and 42 in Groups 3 and 6. The cats were combed one hour after each reinfestation. The results indicate that the topical application of imidacloprid or fipronil does not prevent fleas from biting and feeding within the first hour after infestation prior to being killed while the topical application of dichlorvos/fenitrothion and permethrin let to a better than 80% decrease of the number of engorged fleas for three and seven days post treatment, respectively.
跳蚤产品杀虫活性的评估通常基于在人工感染后24小时和48小时对动物皮毛上活跳蚤的计数。然而，这种方法无法确定跳蚤在死亡前是否有机会叮咬并吸食血液。为了解决这个问题，30只猫被分成六组，每组五只动物。每只猫被安置在一个单独的笼子里。在第0天，每组猫接受如下单一处理：第1组：吡虫啉滴剂：体重<4 kg的猫：40 mg/只，体重≥4 kg的猫：80 mg/只（爱沃克）。第2组：氟虫腈滴剂：50 mg/只（福来恩滴剂）。第3组：氟虫腈喷雾：7.5 mg/kg体重（福来恩喷雾）。第4组：氯菊酯40/60泡沫剂：50 mg/kg体重（卫佳猫）。第5组：敌敌畏+杀螟硫磷气雾剂喷雾：1秒/千克体重（纽旺托普）。第6组：对照组：猫不进行处理。处理后1小时，每只猫沿背部中线接种50只未吸血的成年幼蚤（猫栉首蚤）。1小时后，用细齿梳（13齿/厘米）仔细梳理每只猫。收集到的跳蚤被拍死以检测其腹部是否有血液。根据制造商各自的产品使用说明和功效声明，所有组在第3天、第7天、第14天再次感染；第1组、第2组、第4组、第6组在第21天和第30天再次感染；第3组和第6组在第35天和第42天再次感染。每次再次感染后1小时梳理猫毛。结果表明，吡虫啉或氟虫腈的局部应用并不能防止跳蚤在感染后第一小时内被杀死之前叮咬和进食，而敌敌畏/杀螟硫磷和氯菊酯的局部应用分别使处理后三天和七天内吸血跳蚤的数量减少超过80%。
