Aitken D A, Jenkins D G
Performance Enhancement Centre, Queensland Academy of Sport, Woolloongabba, Australia.
J Sports Sci. 1998 Aug;16(6):539-43. doi: 10.1080/026404198366506.
A 12 week kayak training programme was evaluated in children who either had or did not have the anthropometric characteristics identified as being unique to senior elite sprint kayakers. Altogether, 234 male and female school children were screened to select 10 children with and 10 children without the identified key anthropometric characteristics. Before and after training, the children completed an all-out 2 min kayak ergometer simulation test; measures of oxygen consumption, plasma lactate and total work accomplished were recorded. In addition, a 500 m time trial was performed at weeks 3 and 12. The coaches were unaware which 20 children possessed those anthropometric characteristics deemed to favour development of kayak ability. All children improved in both the 2 min ergometer simulation test and 500 m time trial. However, boys who were selected according to favourable anthropometric characteristics showed greater improvement than those without such characteristics in the 2 min ergometer test only. In summary, in a small group of children selected according to anthropometric data unique to elite adult kayakers, 12 weeks of intensive kayak training did not influence the rate of improvement of on-water sprint kayak performance.
一项为期12周的皮划艇训练计划在有或没有被确定为高级精英皮划艇运动员所独有的人体测量特征的儿童中进行了评估。总共对234名男女学童进行了筛查，以挑选出10名具有和10名不具有所确定的关键人体测量特征的儿童。在训练前后，孩子们完成了一次全力以赴的2分钟皮划艇测力计模拟测试；记录了耗氧量、血浆乳酸和完成的总功的测量值。此外，在第3周和第12周进行了500米计时赛。教练们不知道这20名儿童中哪些人具有被认为有利于皮划艇能力发展的人体测量特征。所有孩子在2分钟测力计模拟测试和500米计时赛中都有进步。然而，根据有利的人体测量特征挑选出来的男孩仅在2分钟测力计测试中比没有这些特征的男孩有更大的进步。总之，在一小群根据成年精英皮划艇运动员独有的人体测量数据挑选出来的儿童中，12周的强化皮划艇训练并未影响水上皮划艇冲刺性能的提高速度。
