Kirso U, Irha N
Environmental Chemistry Group, Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Akadeemia tee 23, EE0026, Estonia.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1998 Sep;41(1):83-9. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1998.1671.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent an ecotoxicologically relevant, combustion-related substance group. The bioconcentration and transformation of a priority PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), by brown (Fucus vesiculosus and Chorda filum), red (Furcellaria lumbricalis), green (Enteromorpha intestinalis, and Cladophora glomerata), and chara (Chara aspera) algae have been studied. A flux budget was made of the amounts of BaP that are accumulated and metabolized by different algae during an estimated time. The results indicated that of all the BaP consumed, 89-99% was found in the biomass of Fucus, an insignificant part was in the solution, and the remainder (up to 4%) was not recovered, i.e., was considered to have been metabolized. For green and chara algae the proportion of transformed PAHs was more essential, 42-49%. The transformation of BaP in marine and freshwater algae is species specific and depends on the presence and activity of enzymes localized in the plant cells. The most important enzyme systems for detoxification of BaP are o-diphenol oxidase, cytochrome P450, and peroxidase. The data obtained indicate the important role of marine and freshwater algae in the fate of carcinogenic PAHs in the environment.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是一类与生态毒理学相关的、与燃烧有关的物质。研究了褐藻（囊藻和绳藻）、红藻（鹿角菜）、绿藻（肠浒苔和团集刚毛藻）和轮藻（粗糙轮藻）对一种优先控制的多环芳烃——苯并[a]芘（BaP）的生物富集和转化。对不同藻类在估计时间内积累和代谢的BaP量进行了通量预算。结果表明，在所有消耗的BaP中，89% - 99%存在于囊藻的生物量中，溶液中的含量微不足道，其余部分（高达4%）未被回收，即被认为已被代谢。对于绿藻和轮藻，转化的多环芳烃比例更为重要，为42% - 49%。BaP在海洋和淡水藻类中的转化具有物种特异性，取决于植物细胞中定位的酶的存在和活性。BaP解毒的最重要酶系统是邻二酚氧化酶、细胞色素P450和过氧化物酶。所获得的数据表明，海洋和淡水藻类在环境中致癌多环芳烃的归宿中起着重要作用。
