Wiesmann M, Brückmann H
Abteilung für Neuroradiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München.
Radiologe. 1998 Aug;38(8):645-58. doi: 10.1007/s001170050405.
The role of neuroimaging in the acute setting of head trauma is to diagnose the extent of intracranial injury and to identify all lesions which require urgent neurosurgical treatment. Computed tomography (CT) remains the most important diagnostic tool for initial screening of trauma victims. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MR) has higher sensitivity to most traumatic lesions than CT, due to the ease and speed of CT, and the fact that sufficient monitoring of critically ill patients during the examination is much easier with CT than with MR, mean that MR is not the imaging modality of choice for the initial diagnostic work-up. Recent MR techniques such as FLAIR or diffusion imaging further improve the sensitivity of MR in head trauma. Conventional angiography is currently indicated only for few suspected vascular lesions (e.g. traumatic arterio-venous fistulas, vascular dissections).
神经影像学在头部创伤急性期的作用是诊断颅内损伤的程度，并识别所有需要紧急神经外科治疗的病变。计算机断层扫描（CT）仍然是对创伤患者进行初步筛查的最重要诊断工具。尽管磁共振成像（MR）对大多数创伤性病变的敏感性高于CT，但由于CT操作简便、速度快，而且在检查过程中对重症患者进行充分监测时，CT比MR更容易，这意味着MR不是初始诊断检查的首选成像方式。诸如液体衰减反转恢复序列（FLAIR）或扩散成像等最新的MR技术进一步提高了MR在头部创伤中的敏感性。目前，传统血管造影仅适用于少数疑似血管病变（如创伤性动静脉瘘、血管夹层）。
