Hermstad R, Johannessen G, Michelsen K
Fylkeslegen i Sør-Trøndelag Statens hus, Trondheim.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1998 Aug 30;118(20):3139-41.
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of methadone maintenance treatment on heroin addicts. By searching in Medline and Cochrane Library two randomized controlled trials were found where methadone was the main intervention in the rehabilitation of heroin addicts. The trials were found among more than 2,350 articles on various aspects of methadone and were the only ones that met our criteria for inclusion in the study. The two studies comprised 347 participants. Both trials showed that methadone maintenance treatment had a positive effect on continuing participation in the treatment programme. One of the trials also showed that the treatment lowered the rates of opioid and cocaine use. It is alarming that only two randomized controlled trials could be found evaluating the effect of methadone maintenance treatment on the rehabilitation of heroin addicts. No trials demonstrating the effect of the treatment on mortality, crime, prostitution or risk behaviour related to communicable diseases were found.
该研究的目的是确定美沙酮维持治疗对海洛因成瘾者的影响。通过检索Medline和Cochrane图书馆，发现了两项随机对照试验，其中美沙酮是海洛因成瘾者康复治疗的主要干预措施。这些试验是在2350多篇关于美沙酮各个方面的文章中找到的，并且是唯一符合我们纳入研究标准的试验。这两项研究共有347名参与者。两项试验均表明，美沙酮维持治疗对持续参与治疗项目有积极影响。其中一项试验还表明，该治疗降低了阿片类药物和可卡因的使用率。令人担忧的是，仅发现两项随机对照试验评估美沙酮维持治疗对海洛因成瘾者康复的影响。未发现有试验证明该治疗对死亡率、犯罪、卖淫或与传染病相关的风险行为有影响。
