[Prehospital treatment of heroin intoxication in Oslo in 1996].

The number of heroin overdoses among drug addicts in Oslo is increasing. In 1996 overdoses counted for 1,248 (12%) of all emergency call-outs by the ambulance service. Heroin can cause fatal respiratory insufficiency, and in 1996 a total of 104 deaths related to heroin overdoses were reported in Oslo. Heroin overdoses are treated on site by ambulance personnel. Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation was started on 18 of the 79 addicts who were found unconscious, and 11 persons were treated successfully. A total of 846 drug addicts had to be given the antidote naloxone, and among these 678 (80%) persons were found in a coma. Only 29 persons had to be transported to hospital. Early treatment probably prevented both morbidity and mortality, no time being wasted transporting the patients to hospital. Ambulance personnel treat all drug addicts with the same respect as they do other patients. They have no police escort; they are familiar with the addicts and their environment and they have gained their confidence. Prehospital treatment saves on health services resources, and should, in our experience, be carried out in collaboration with a hospital or other health institutions for mutual and optimal benefit.