Roper S N
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0265, USA.
Epilepsy Res. 1998 Sep;32(1-2):63-74. doi: 10.1016/s0920-1211(98)00040-0.
Certain developmental abnormalities of the cerebral cortex are closely associated with epilepsy in humans. Exposure of fetal rats to external gamma-irradiation produces diffuse cortical dysplasia and neuronal heterotopia. These abnormalities are the result of radiation-induced cell death coupled with continued cortical development in an altered cellular environment. In vivo electroencephalography studies in these animals have revealed an increased propensity for electrographic seizures in the presence of the sedating agents, acepromazine and xylazine. In vitro neocortical slices containing dysplastic cortex demonstrate enhanced excitability, as compared to control neocortex, when inhibition that is mediated by the A-type gamma-amino butyric acid receptor is blocked with bicuculline methiodide. In utero irradiation of rats produces structural changes that mimic some aspects of cerebral dysgenesis in humans and results in physiologic changes that increase the animals' propensity for seizures. Similarities and differences between the animal model and the human syndromes are discussed.
大脑皮质的某些发育异常与人类癫痫密切相关。将胎鼠暴露于外部γ射线照射下会产生弥漫性皮质发育异常和神经元异位。这些异常是辐射诱导的细胞死亡以及在改变的细胞环境中持续的皮质发育的结果。对这些动物进行的体内脑电图研究表明，在使用镇静剂乙酰丙嗪和赛拉嗪的情况下，出现电图癫痫发作的倾向增加。与对照新皮质相比，含有发育异常皮质的体外新皮质切片在由A型γ-氨基丁酸受体介导的抑制作用被甲基荷包牡丹碱阻断时，显示出增强的兴奋性。对大鼠进行子宫内照射会产生模仿人类大脑发育异常某些方面的结构变化，并导致生理变化，增加动物癫痫发作的倾向。本文讨论了动物模型与人类综合征之间的异同。
