Bosch R
Environ Health Perspect. 1976 Apr;14:161-3. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7614161.
Biological control is not new, it is simply newly appreciated. This renewed appreciation stems from the widespread insecticide treadmill which is largely a product of insecticide disruption of the balance of insect communities. Biological control is a natural phenomenon; the regulation of plant and animal numbers by natural enemies. In this broad sense, biological control is vital to public health because it keeps the myriad insect species from out-competing us. It also has direct public health advantages as where natural enemies are manipulated to control disease vectoring insects. Insecticide distruption of biological control by insecticides and the resulting pesticide treadmill have serious public health implications. One is the increased pesticide load in the environment. The other is the acceleration of pesticide resistance in disease vectoring insects. The treadmill and its associated hazards will not abate so long as chemical control dominates our pest management strategy.
生物防治并非新鲜事物，只是最近才受到重视。这种重新受到的重视源于广泛存在的杀虫剂循环，这在很大程度上是杀虫剂破坏昆虫群落平衡的结果。生物防治是一种自然现象，即天敌调节动植物数量。从这个广义上来说，生物防治对公共卫生至关重要，因为它能防止无数昆虫物种在竞争中战胜我们。生物防治还有直接的公共卫生益处，比如可通过操控天敌来控制传播疾病的昆虫。杀虫剂对生物防治的破坏以及由此产生的杀虫剂循环对公共卫生有着严重影响。一是环境中农药负荷增加。另一个是传播疾病的昆虫对杀虫剂的抗药性加速增强。只要化学防治在我们的害虫管理策略中占据主导地位，这种循环及其相关危害就不会减弱。
