Block W, Worland M R, Bale J
British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom.
Cryobiology. 1998 Sep;37(2):163-6. doi: 10.1006/cryo.1998.2110.
The effects of chilling (to temperatures above the supercooling point, SCP) and freezing on respiration of adults and larvae of two coleopterans living on sub-Antarctic South Georgia (54 degrees S, 37 degrees W), Hydromedion sparsutum and Perimylops antarcticus (Coleoptera, Perimylopidae), were quantified. Respiration rates of individual insects (live weights, 11-21 mg) were measured at 10 degrees C prior to chilling (-4 degrees C) or freezing (SCP range -3.8 to -5.3 degrees C) and posttreatment. The species possess a small amount of freeze tolerance in both adults and larvae. Chilling had no significant effects on respiration rates of P. antarcticus and H. sparsutum, although mean levels were depressed by 6-15%. Freezing produced considerable enhancement of respiratory activity. Mean values increased postfreezing in larvae (+34%) of H. sparsutum and in both larvae (+44%) (P < 0.01) and adults (77%) (P < 0.05) of P. antarcticus. Chilling and freezing had different effects on respiration rates and P. antarcticus showed the greatest metabolic response to freezing.
对生活在亚南极南乔治亚岛（南纬54度，西经37度）的两种鞘翅目昆虫——疏斑水甲（Hydromedion sparsutum）和南极拟步甲（Perimylops antarcticus，鞘翅目，拟步甲科）成虫和幼虫进行了低温处理（至过冷却点以上温度，SCP）和冷冻处理，并对其呼吸作用进行了量化。在对单个昆虫（活重11 - 21毫克）进行低温处理（-4℃）或冷冻处理（SCP范围为-3.8至-5.3℃）之前及处理后，于10℃测量其呼吸速率。这两个物种的成虫和幼虫均具有一定程度的耐冻性。低温处理对南极拟步甲和疏斑水甲的呼吸速率没有显著影响，尽管平均水平降低了6 - 15%。冷冻处理使呼吸活性显著增强。疏斑水甲幼虫冷冻后平均值增加（+34%），南极拟步甲幼虫（+44%）（P < 0.01）和成虫（+77%）（P < 0.05）冷冻后平均值也增加。低温处理和冷冻处理对呼吸速率有不同影响，南极拟步甲对冷冻表现出最大的代谢反应。
