Montali R J, Bush M, Thoen C O, Smith E
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1976 Nov 1;169(9):920-7.
Avian tuberculosis was studied clinically and pathologically in 137 affected birds from the National Zoological Park during a 7-year period (1969-1975). Twelve of 22 orders exhibited were affected by the disease, and the highest annual mortality was 4% (in 1975). Antemortem diagnosis of early cases of the disease, based on tuberculin testing, and serologic, hematologic, and radiographic studies, was inconsistent and often not conclusive. Pathologically, the diseases primarily involved digestive organs and spleen. There was a spectrum of lesions consisting of nodules of large foamy histiocytes packed with acid-fast bacilli to giant cell-containing granulomas that were often caseous but not cavitated or calcified. Amyloidosis was seen in approximately 20% of the cases. Mycobacterium avium serotype 1 was isolated from 30 tuberculous birds cultured. There was no sex predilection, and most of the affected birds were adults ranging from 1 to 10 years of age.
在1969年至1975年的7年期间，对国家动物园的137只患病鸟类进行了禽结核病的临床和病理学研究。所展出的22个目中有12个目受到该病影响，最高年死亡率为4%（1975年）。基于结核菌素试验、血清学、血液学和放射学研究对该病早期病例进行的生前诊断并不一致，且往往无法得出结论。病理上，该病主要累及消化器官和脾脏。病变范围包括由充满抗酸杆菌的大泡沫组织细胞结节到含有巨细胞的肉芽肿，这些肉芽肿通常是干酪样的，但没有空洞形成或钙化。约20%的病例可见淀粉样变性。从30只培养的结核鸟类中分离出鸟分枝杆菌血清型1。没有性别偏好，大多数患病鸟类为1至10岁的成年鸟。
