Milinarsky A, Fischer S, Giadrosich V, Casanova D
Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, and the Instituto Médico Infantil, Osteopesquisa, Chile.
J Rheumatol. 1998 Oct;25(10):2003-8.
To assess bone mineralization in healthy Chilean children and adolescents, considering sex, age, height, and puberty.
In a descriptive cross sectional study, the appendicular bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by single photon x-ray absorptiometry at distal (D-BMD) and ultradistal (UD-BMD) regions of the forearm, in 571 healthy children and adolescents of Valparaíso and Viña del Mar, Chile, considering their age, sex, height, calcium intake, and pubertal development according to Tanner.
Physical activity was regular; daily average calcium intake was 580 +/- 100 mg and the D-BMD and UD-BMD showed a 3 step growth pattern: Slow increments between 4 and 8 years of age in girls (r = 0.07 and r = 0.37, respectively) and between 4 and 12 years in boys (r = 0.17 and r = 0.39); sharp increases between 8 and 19 years in female adolescents (r = 0.78 and r = 0.73) and between 12 and 20 years in male adolescents (r = 0.82 and r = 0.67); and deceleration of growth from 19 years in female adolescents and 20 years in males. Considering Tanner classifications (T), boys had significant differences in mean D-BMD between T3 and T4 (p < 0.001) and between T4 and T5 (p < 0.001) and in mean UD-BMD between T3 and T4 (p < 0.001). They achieve higher values than women in adulthood. Girls showed significant differences in mean D-BMD between T3 and T4 (p = 0.003) and T4 and T5 (p < 0.001), and in mean UD-BMD between T3 and T4 (p = 0.016). Considering menarche, there was an important increment in bone mass up to 3 years after menarche, and it was significant until 2 years after for D-BMD (p < 0.02) and 1 year after for UD-BMD (p < 0.001). In girls and boys, bone mass increments did not correlate with height increments. A delay in bone mass increments was observed at early Tanner stages.
Between 4 and 8 years in girls and 4 and 12 years in boys, there is a slow increment in bone density correlated with age and sex. A steeper slope in bone growth started with puberty, correlated with Tanner stage. Bone mineral increments did not correlate with height increments. At the end of pubertal development bone acquisition slowed down. Men achieved higher bone density values than women.
考虑性别、年龄、身高和青春期因素，评估智利健康儿童和青少年的骨矿化情况。
在一项描述性横断面研究中，采用单光子X线吸收法测量了智利瓦尔帕莱索和比尼亚德尔马的571名健康儿童和青少年前臂远端（D-BMD）和超远端（UD-BMD）区域的附属骨密度，并根据他们的年龄、性别、身高、钙摄入量以及按照坦纳标准划分的青春期发育情况进行分析。
体育活动规律；每日平均钙摄入量为580±100毫克，D-BMD和UD-BMD呈现三步增长模式：女孩在4至8岁之间（分别为r = 0.07和r = 0.37）以及男孩在4至12岁之间（分别为r = 0.17和r = 0.39）增长缓慢；女性青少年在8至19岁之间（分别为r = 0.78和r = 0.73）以及男性青少年在12至20岁之间（分别为r = 0.82和r = 0.67）急剧增加；女性青少年从19岁、男性从20岁起生长减速。考虑坦纳分类（T），男孩在T3和T4之间（p < 0.001）以及T4和T5之间（p < 0.001）的平均D-BMD存在显著差异，在T3和T4之间的平均UD-BMD也有显著差异（p < 0.001）。成年后男性的骨密度值高于女性。女孩在T3和T4之间（p = 0.003）以及T4和T5之间（p < 0.001）的平均D-BMD存在显著差异，在T3和T4之间的平均UD-BMD也有显著差异（p = 0.016）。考虑初潮情况，初潮后3年内骨量有重要增加，对于D-BMD直到初潮后2年（p < 0.02）、对于UD-BMD直到初潮后1年（p < 0.001）仍有显著增加。在女孩和男孩中，骨量增加与身高增加无关。在坦纳早期阶段观察到骨量增加延迟。
女孩在4至8岁、男孩在4至12岁之间，骨密度随年龄和性别缓慢增加。青春期开始时骨生长斜率更陡，与坦纳阶段相关。骨矿增加与身高增加无关。青春期发育结束时骨量获取减缓。成年男性的骨密度值高于女性。
