Reddy B N
Anthropometry and Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, India.
Hum Biol. 1998 Oct;70(5):901-17.
The nature and extent of relationship between socioeconomic and behavioral variables and body mass index [BMI = weight (kg)/height (m)2] is studied in a sample of 1119 individuals (456 males and 663 females), aged 18 to 75 years, drawn from socioeconomically diverse populations from southern Andhra Pradesh, India. These populations are categorized into four groups, with graded lifestyles toward urbanization. The BMI of the participants ranged from 12.6 to 35.1 in males and from 12.3 to 34.2 in females. There is an increasing trend in mean BMI until about 50 years, followed by a decline, indicating nonlinear nature of age effects. Mean BMI also increases with better socioeconomic status of the constituent groups and with decreased physical activity level. A trend of a decrease in the proportion of individuals with chronic energy deficiency and an increase in the proportion of obese individuals is also seen from the traditional Yerukala tribe (group 1) to the urbanized group 4, from the lower to the higher income categories, and from heavy to light physical activity types. Smokers show a greater proportion of obese cases compared with nonsmokers. The prevalence of obesity (BMI > or = 25) is 6.6% in males and 10% in females. The results of the analysis of variance suggest that three of the four socioeconomic and behavioral variables (except smoking) show significant effects on age-adjusted BMI, and the R2 suggests that these variables explain 27.4% of variation in males and 17% in females. Although income explains the largest amount of variation (24%) in males, followed by physical activity and group affiliation, in females group affiliation (12.5%), followed closely by income, accounted for most of the variation. Inclusion of age in the model improved explanatory power by 5-7%. The positive association between socioeconomic status and BMI observed in the present study is qualitatively different from the negative association that characterizes contemporary Western populations.
在来自印度安得拉邦南部社会经济背景各异的1119名个体（456名男性和663名女性）样本中，研究了社会经济和行为变量与体重指数[BMI = 体重（千克）/身高（米）²]之间关系的性质和程度。这些人群分为四组，其生活方式朝着城市化呈现梯度变化。男性参与者的BMI范围为12.6至35.1，女性为12.3至34.2。平均BMI在约50岁之前呈上升趋势，之后下降，表明年龄效应具有非线性特征。平均BMI也随着组成群体社会经济状况的改善以及身体活动水平的降低而增加。从传统的耶鲁卡拉部落（第1组）到城市化的第4组，从低收入类别到高收入类别，以及从高强度身体活动类型到低强度身体活动类型，还可以看到慢性能量缺乏个体比例下降和肥胖个体比例上升的趋势。吸烟者中肥胖病例的比例高于非吸烟者。肥胖（BMI≥25）的患病率男性为6.6%，女性为10%。方差分析结果表明，四个社会经济和行为变量中的三个（吸烟除外）对年龄调整后的BMI有显著影响，R²表明这些变量解释了男性27.4%的变异和女性17%的变异。虽然收入解释了男性最大比例的变异（24%），其次是身体活动和群体归属，但在女性中，群体归属（12.5%）紧随收入之后，占了大部分变异。在模型中纳入年龄后，解释力提高了5 - 7%。本研究中观察到的社会经济地位与BMI之间的正相关在性质上与当代西方人群的负相关不同。
