Yoshida K
Department of Prosthodontics II, Faculty of Dentistry, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
J Oral Rehabil. 1998 Aug;25(8):603-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.1998.00290.x.
Masticatory and tongue muscle activity was examined polysomnographically in 14 patients with sleep apnea syndrome and six snorers. The all-night polysomnographic recordings included electromyograms (EMG) of the genioglossal, the masseter and the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscles, nasal airflow and thoracoabdominal respiratory effort. The apneas were defined and classified into three types (obstructive, central and mixed). EMG amplitudes of each muscle were measured before, during and after the obstructive and central apneas. In the apnea patients the three muscles showed significantly lower EMG amplitudes during the obstructive apnea than before the apnea, and then significantly higher amplitudes after the apnea. These findings indicate that the hypotonia of the muscles during sleep can result in obstructive apnea. There was no significant difference in the pattern of muscle activity during obstructive apnea between the apnea patients and the snorers. On the other hand, a decrease in the mean EMG amplitude during the central apnea was not observed. It is suggested that central apnea occurs independently of masticatory and tongue muscle activity.
对14例睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者和6例打鼾者进行了多导睡眠图检查，以检测咀嚼肌和舌肌的活动。整夜多导睡眠图记录包括颏舌肌、咬肌和翼外肌下头的肌电图（EMG）、鼻气流以及胸腹呼吸运动。对呼吸暂停进行定义并分为三种类型（阻塞性、中枢性和混合性）。在阻塞性和中枢性呼吸暂停之前、期间和之后测量每块肌肉的肌电图振幅。在呼吸暂停患者中，这三块肌肉在阻塞性呼吸暂停期间的肌电图振幅明显低于呼吸暂停前，而在呼吸暂停后则明显高于呼吸暂停前。这些发现表明，睡眠期间肌肉张力降低可导致阻塞性呼吸暂停。呼吸暂停患者和打鼾者在阻塞性呼吸暂停期间的肌肉活动模式没有显著差异。另一方面，未观察到中枢性呼吸暂停期间平均肌电图振幅降低。提示中枢性呼吸暂停独立于咀嚼肌和舌肌活动而发生。
