Walker-Smith J A
University Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
Nutrition. 1998 Oct;14(10):775-9. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(98)00082-3.
The prognosis for nutritional management of enteropathy in children is good when the enteropathy is reversible with the use of a food elimination diet, such as cow's-milk-sensitive enteropathy, but is poor when enteropathy is irreversible, such as microvillous atrophy. However, nutritional management is central to the care of all children with small intestinal enteropathy. Enteral nutrition (provision of liquid formula diets by mouth or by tube) is possible in most cases, but in some children with intractable diarrhea, parenteral nutrition needs to supplement enteral feeding. The choice of enteral feeding ranges from elemental to partial hydrolysate.
对于儿童肠病，若肠病可通过食物排除饮食（如牛奶敏感型肠病）逆转，其营养管理预后良好；但若肠病不可逆转，如微绒毛萎缩，则预后较差。然而，营养管理是所有小肠肠病患儿护理的核心。大多数情况下可进行肠内营养（经口或通过管饲提供液体配方饮食），但对于一些患有顽固性腹泻的儿童，需要肠外营养来补充肠内喂养。肠内喂养的选择范围从要素型到部分水解型。
