Lekstrom-Himes J, Xanthopoulos K G
Clinical Gene Therapy Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1851, USA.
J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 30;273(44):28545-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.44.28545.
CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) comprise a family of transcription factors that are critical for normal cellular differentiation and function in a variety of tissues. The prototypic C/EBP is a modular protein, consisting of an activation domain, a dimerization bZIP region, and a DNA-binding domain. All family members share the highly conserved dimerization domain, required for DNA binding, by which they form homo- and heterodimers with other family members. C/EBPs are least conserved in their activation domains and vary from strong activators to dominant negative repressors. The pleiotropic effects of C/EBPs are in part because of tissue- and stage-specific expression. Dimerization of different C/EBP proteins precisely modulates transcriptional activity of target genes. Recent work with mice deficient in specific C/EBPs underscores the effects of these factors in tissue development, function, and response to injury.
CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白（C/EBPs）是一类转录因子家族，对多种组织中的正常细胞分化和功能至关重要。典型的C/EBP是一种模块化蛋白，由一个激活结构域、一个二聚化bZIP区域和一个DNA结合结构域组成。所有家族成员都共享高度保守的二聚化结构域，这是DNA结合所必需的，通过该结构域它们与其他家族成员形成同二聚体和异二聚体。C/EBPs在其激活结构域中保守性最低，从强激活剂到显性负性抑制剂各不相同。C/EBPs的多效性部分归因于组织和阶段特异性表达。不同C/EBP蛋白的二聚化精确调节靶基因的转录活性。最近对缺乏特定C/EBPs的小鼠的研究强调了这些因子在组织发育、功能和对损伤反应中的作用。
