Lessells CM, Oddie KR, Mateman AC
Netherlands Institute of Ecology
Anim Behav. 1998 Aug;56(2):385-393. doi: 10.1006/anbe.1998.0763.
Parental investment may be biased with respect to parental sex or offspring sex or there may be an interaction between parental and offspring sex. We investigated whether any of these types of bias occurred in great tits, Parus major. By sexing chicks using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and subsequently moving chicks between broods, we were able to manipulate broods early in the nestling period to give all-male, mixed-sex and all-female broods. Provisioning behaviour (total feeding rate, proportion of feeding visits by the male, prey size, visit duration and proportion of visits in which a faecal sac was removed) was measured for broods aged 8-9 and 11-12 days. Nest defence behaviour was measured for 15-day-old broods. Parental weight, the occurrence of second broods and overwinter survival of the parents were also analysed. There were some differences in parental care between the parents: males made the majority of feeding visits and were more vigorous in nest defence. However, there was no evidence that parental care varied in relation to brood sex ratio or that there was an interaction in parental care between parental sex and brood sex ratio. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour
亲代投资可能在亲代性别或子代性别方面存在偏差，或者亲代性别与子代性别之间可能存在相互作用。我们研究了大山雀（Parus major）是否存在这些类型的偏差。通过使用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）标记对雏鸟进行性别鉴定，随后在不同窝之间转移雏鸟，我们能够在雏鸟期早期对窝进行操控，以形成全雄、混合性别和全雌窝。对8 - 9日龄和11 - 12日龄的窝进行了育雏行为测量（总喂食率、雄性喂食访问的比例、猎物大小、访问持续时间以及清除粪便囊的访问比例）。对15日龄的窝进行了巢防御行为测量。还分析了亲代体重、第二窝的出现情况以及亲代的越冬存活率。亲代之间在亲代抚育方面存在一些差异：雄性进行了大部分的喂食访问，并且在巢防御中更积极。然而，没有证据表明亲代抚育会因窝的性别比例而有所不同，也没有证据表明亲代性别与窝的性别比例之间在亲代抚育方面存在相互作用。版权所有1998动物行为研究协会
