Kiivet R A, Dahl M L, Llerena A, Maimets M, Wettermark B, Berecz R
Department of Public Health, University of Tartu, Estonia.
Scand J Infect Dis. 1998;30(3):277-80. doi: 10.1080/00365549850160936.
The use of antibiotic drugs was studied in university teaching hospitals in Tartu, Estonia, Huddinge, Sweden and Badajoz, Spain. Data on drug deliveries to hospital wards during 1992 are presented in defined daily doses (DDD) per 100 bed-days (DDD/100 bed-days). In addition, the time trends of antibiotic use in Tartu University Hospital from 1992 to 1995 are shown. The total amount of antibiotic drugs used for systemic treatment in 1992 was similar in the 3 hospitals, 41 DDD/100 bed-days in Tartu vs. 51 DDD/100 bed-days in Badajoz and 47 DDD/100 bed-days in Huddinge. The antibiotics used most frequently were tetracyclines and aminoglycosides in Tartu, broad-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins in Badajoz and narrow-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins in Huddinge. Injectable preparations accounted for one-half of the antibiotics used. Among the medical departments, the total use of antibiotics varied up to 3-fold (from 19 to 61 DDD/100 bed-days), less than among the surgical departments (18-94 DDD/100 bed-days). The frequency of antibiotic use was very similar in departments of similar profile in the 3 hospitals (i.e. in departments of neurology, urology, etc.). The use of antibiotic drugs in intensive care units was twice as high in Huddinge (243 DDD/100 bed-days) as in Badajoz (106 DDD/100 bed-days) and Tartu (135 DDD/100 bed-days) in 1992. In conclusion, the international differences in the use of antibiotics in hospital were not in the frequency of use, but in the predominant prescription preferences in the hospital.
在爱沙尼亚塔尔图、瑞典胡丁厄和西班牙巴达霍斯的大学教学医院中，对抗生素药物的使用情况进行了研究。给出了1992年期间医院病房药品交付量的数据，以每100床日限定日剂量（DDD）表示（DDD/100床日）。此外，还展示了1992年至1995年塔尔图大学医院抗生素使用的时间趋势。1992年用于全身治疗的抗生素药物总量在这三家医院中相似，塔尔图为41 DDD/100床日，巴达霍斯为51 DDD/100床日，胡丁厄为47 DDD/100床日。在塔尔图，最常使用的抗生素是四环素和氨基糖苷类；在巴达霍斯，是广谱青霉素和头孢菌素；在胡丁厄，是窄谱青霉素和头孢菌素。注射制剂占所使用抗生素的一半。在医疗科室中，抗生素的总使用量差异高达3倍（从19至61 DDD/100床日），低于外科科室（18 - 94 DDD/100床日）。这三家医院中，类似科室（如神经科、泌尿科等）的抗生素使用频率非常相似。1992年，重症监护病房的抗生素使用量在胡丁厄（243 DDD/100床日）是巴达霍斯（106 DDD/100床日）和塔尔图（135 DDD/100床日）的两倍。总之，医院抗生素使用的国际差异不在于使用频率，而在于医院中主要的处方偏好。
