Calcaterra T C, Rand R W
Laryngoscope. 1976 Nov;86(11):1692-8. doi: 10.1288/00005537-197611000-00011.
Surgical intervention in the region of the sphenoid sinus pituitary gland requires extreme precision because of enveloping vital structures. The rhinologic approach to the pituitary gland, once abandoned due to limited visibility and the risk of meningitis, has experienced a renaissance as a result of recent medical and technical advances. Antibiotics have almost eliminated the risk of meningitis, and the operating microscope and televised radiofluoroscope now provide sufficient illumination, magnification, and orientation that injury to nearby structures can be avoided. A mid-line rhinologic approach provides ample exposure and further minimizes operative hazards.
由于蝶窦垂体区域周围包裹着重要结构，该区域的外科手术需要极高的精准度。曾经因视野受限和脑膜炎风险而被摒弃的经鼻垂体手术入路，由于近期医学和技术的进步而再度兴起。抗生素几乎消除了脑膜炎风险，手术显微镜和电视荧光透视镜现在提供了足够的照明、放大倍数和定位功能，从而能够避免对附近结构造成损伤。经鼻中线入路提供了充足的暴露，并进一步降低了手术风险。
