Phantom loss of function in traumatic brain injury.

Despite appearing normal, survivors of TBI typically experience residual effects that significantly impact their daily functioning. Informed that they have a mild, transient brain injury which is expected to resolve rapidly, they encounter marked psychological difficulties when their cognitive dysfunction persists. Left undiagnosed and untreated, patients with TBI are at risk of developing serious psychiatric disorders. Early identification and referral to specialists in neuropsychology can head off this adverse clinical course through appropriate assessment and intervention.