Maginness M G, Plummer J D, Beaver W L, Meindl J D
Med Phys. 1976;3(5):312-8. doi: 10.1118/1.594247.
Attention is given to means of sensing ultrasonic energy distributions over an area. Under the restraints appropiate to real-time imaging of deep body organs, piezoelectric arrays offer the most promising method. Adaptation of integrated circuit techniques to array assembly permits very large arrays of small elements to be batch fabricated. Further, special semiconductor switching devices specifically designed for addressing the array have been produced and applied. These permit both the passage of weak received signals and the application of voltage and current levels sufficient for transmission without significant disturbance of the basic piezoelectric element properties. Emphasis is placed on the complete data acquisition, processing, and display flexibility that arises from an array capability. Operation becomes possible in any of the presently used A or time motion (TM), in real time B or C scan, or in novel scan patterns adapted to specific organs. Further development with acoustic and electronic focusing, taking advantage of the unique possibilities obtained with the bidirectional array structure, is discussed.
人们关注的是在一个区域内感测超声能量分布的方法。在适用于深部人体器官实时成像的限制条件下，压电阵列提供了最有前景的方法。将集成电路技术应用于阵列组装使得能够批量制造由小元件组成的非常大的阵列。此外，专门为对阵列进行寻址而设计的特殊半导体开关器件已经被生产并应用。这些器件既允许微弱的接收信号通过，又能施加足以进行发射的电压和电流电平，而不会对基本的压电元件特性造成显著干扰。重点在于阵列能力所带来的完整数据采集、处理和显示灵活性。在目前使用的任何A模式或时间运动（TM）模式、实时B模式或C模式扫描中，或者在适应特定器官的新型扫描模式下，操作都成为可能。利用双向阵列结构所带来的独特可能性，对声学和电子聚焦的进一步发展进行了讨论。
