Haadem K
Kvinnokliniken, Trelleborgs lasarett.
Lakartidningen. 1998 Sep 30;95(40):4354-8.
A review of the literature on the pros and cons of episiotomy suggests that it should be used restrictively. Although there is a general agreement that episiotomy is protective against anterior perineal tears, no evidence has been found to support the belief that it is protective against anal sphincter muscle tears, pelvic muscle damage or urinary incontinence in the parturient or intracranial haemorrhage or intrapartum asphyxia in the newborn. Women undergoing episiotomy are characterised by greater blood loss in conjunction with delivery, and there is a risk of improper wound healing and increased pain during the early puerperium. The prevalence of episiotomy in Sweden has been declining over the past 20 years, and is now approximately five per cent among multiparae and fifteen per cent among primiparae.
一篇关于会阴切开术利弊的文献综述表明，应限制使用该手术。尽管人们普遍认为会阴切开术可预防会阴前部撕裂，但未发现有证据支持其能预防产妇肛门括约肌撕裂、盆底肌肉损伤或尿失禁，以及新生儿颅内出血或产时窒息的观点。接受会阴切开术的女性在分娩时失血更多，且存在伤口愈合不良和产褥早期疼痛加剧的风险。在过去20年里，瑞典会阴切开术的发生率一直在下降，目前经产妇中的发生率约为5%，初产妇中的发生率约为15%。
