Oostra R J, Baljet B, Verbeeten B W, Hennekam R C
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Am J Med Genet. 1998 Oct 30;80(1):74-89.
The Museum Vrolik collection of the Department of Anatomy and Embryology of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, founded by Gerardus Vrolik (1775-1859) and his son Willem Vrolik (1801-1863), consists of more than 5,000 specimens of human and animal anatomy, embryology, pathology, and congenital anomalies. Recently, the collection of congenital anomalies, comprising 360 specimens, was recatalogued and redescribed according to contemporary perspectives. The original descriptions, as far as preserved, were compared with the clinical, radiographic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. We diagnosed 30 symmetrical conjoined twins (CTs), 11 parasitic CTs, and 16 acardiac twins. Within the group of symmetrical CTs, the following concomitant external anomalies were found in 15 specimens: neural tube defects, holoprosencephaly, cleft lip/palate, umbilical hernia, omphalocele, cloacal exstrophy, peromelia, polydactyly, and facial abnormalities suggestive of a chromosomal abnormality. We discuss the results in the light of historical and contemporary explanations regarding conjoined twinning, including the opinions of Gerardus and Willem Vrolik and of Louis Bolk, one of their successors.
阿姆斯特丹大学学术医学中心解剖学与胚胎学系的弗罗利克博物馆藏品由杰勒德·弗罗利克（1775 - 1859）及其子威廉·弗罗利克（1801 - 1863）创立，包含5000多件人类和动物解剖学、胚胎学、病理学及先天性异常的标本。最近，对包含360件标本的先天性异常藏品按照当代观点重新编目并重新描述。将留存的原始描述与临床、放射学及磁共振成像结果进行了比较。我们诊断出30例对称联体双胎、11例寄生性联体双胎和16例无心双胎。在对称联体双胎组中，15件标本发现了以下伴随的外部异常：神经管缺陷、前脑无裂畸形、唇腭裂、脐疝、脐膨出、泄殖腔外翻、四肢不全、多指畸形以及提示染色体异常的面部异常。我们根据关于联体双胎的历史和当代解释来讨论结果，包括杰勒德和威廉·弗罗利克以及他们的一位继任者路易·博尔克的观点。
