Kingma I, de Looze M P, van Dieën J H, Toussaint H M, Adams M A, Baten C T
Amsterdam Spine Unit, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands.
Ergonomics. 1998 Oct;41(10):1453-61. doi: 10.1080/001401398186207.
In ergonomics research, two-dimensional (2-D) biomechanical models are often used to study the mechanical loading of the low back in lifting movements. When lifting movements are asymmetric, errors of unknown size may be introduced in a 2-D analysis. In the current study, an estimation of these errors was made by comparing the outcome of a 2-D analysis to the results of a recently developed and validated 3-D model. Four subjects made two repetitions of five lifting movements, differing in the amount of asymmetry. The results showed a significant underestimation of the peak torque by 20, 36 and 61% when the initial position of a box was rotated 30, 60 and 90 degrees with respect to the sagittal plane of the subject. The main cause of this underestimation was a pelvic twist, resulting in an erroneous projection of a pelvic marker on to the sagittal plane due to pelvic twist. It is suggested that from 30 degrees box rotation a 2-D analysis may easily lead to wrong conclusions when it is used to study asymmetric lifting.
在人体工程学研究中，二维（2-D）生物力学模型常被用于研究提举动作中腰部的机械负荷。当提举动作不对称时，二维分析可能会引入大小未知的误差。在当前研究中，通过将二维分析的结果与最近开发并验证的三维模型的结果进行比较，对这些误差进行了估计。四名受试者对五种提举动作各重复两次，这些动作的不对称程度各不相同。结果显示，当箱子的初始位置相对于受试者的矢状面旋转30度、60度和90度时，峰值扭矩分别被显著低估了20%、36%和61%。这种低估的主要原因是骨盆扭转，由于骨盆扭转，骨盆标记在矢状面上的投影出现错误。建议当使用二维分析来研究不对称提举时，从箱子旋转30度起，二维分析可能很容易导致错误的结论。
