Kozak R, Mercer J G, Burlet A, Moar K M, Burlet C, Beck B
Inserm U.308 Mécanismes de Régulation du Comportement Alimentaire, Nancy, France.
Regul Pept. 1998 Sep 25;75-76:397-402. doi: 10.1016/s0167-0115(98)00094-9.
Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) is present very early during the fetal life and is rapidly functional in the regulation of feeding behavior after birth. In the present experiment, we tried to determine the influence that the diet type ingested by dams during gestation and lactation would have on the growth and hypothalamic and pancreatic peptides of their progeny immediately after weaning. The dams were fed on either a high-carbohydrate (HC), a high-fat (HF) or a control diet ad libitum. At 3 days of age, the HC pups weighed significantly more than the two other groups (P < 0.02 vs. C and P < 0.002 vs. HF). At weaning, the HF rats were significantly lighter than the two other groups (P < 0.001). Food intake was significantly lower in the HF rats than in the two other groups 3 days (P < 0.002) and 5 days after weaning (P < 0.02). Plasma glucose of the HF rats was significantly lower than that of the control rats (P < 0.05) and of the HC rats (P < 0.01). Immunoreactive insulin in the HF rats was also significantly lower than that in the control rats (-53%; P < 0.001) and in the HC rats (-47%; P < 0.001). NPY content and mRNA expression in the arcuate nucleus were not significantly different between the three groups. NPY concentration only varied in the ventromedian nucleus. In the control rats, it was significantly lower than that of the HC rats (-35%; P < 0.01) and that of the HF rats (-32%; P < 0.002). These data demonstrated that the regulatory mechanisms of feeding behavior in offspring are completely and differentially modified by the macronutrient content of the diets ingested by their mother. Both peripheral and central mediators were strongly implicated. These modifications could have long-term repercussions on body weight and composition.
下丘脑神经肽Y（NPY）在胎儿期很早就已存在，出生后能迅速调节摄食行为。在本实验中，我们试图确定妊娠和哺乳期母鼠摄入的饮食类型对其后代断奶后立即出现的生长以及下丘脑和胰腺肽的影响。母鼠可随意进食高碳水化合物（HC）、高脂肪（HF）或对照饮食。3日龄时，HC组幼崽的体重显著高于其他两组（与对照组相比P < 0.02，与HF组相比P < 0.002）。断奶时，HF组大鼠的体重显著低于其他两组（P < 0.001）。断奶后3天（P < 0.002）和5天（P < 0.02），HF组大鼠的食物摄入量显著低于其他两组。HF组大鼠的血浆葡萄糖显著低于对照组大鼠（P < 0.05）和HC组大鼠（P < 0.01）。HF组大鼠的免疫反应性胰岛素也显著低于对照组大鼠（-53%；P < 0.001）和HC组大鼠（-47%；P < 0.001）。三组间弓状核中的NPY含量和mRNA表达无显著差异。仅腹内侧核中的NPY浓度有所不同。在对照组大鼠中，该浓度显著低于HC组大鼠（-35%；P < 0.01）和HF组大鼠（-32%；P < 0.002）。这些数据表明，母体摄入饮食的宏量营养素含量会完全且不同程度地改变后代摄食行为的调节机制。外周和中枢介质均密切相关。这些改变可能会对体重和身体组成产生长期影响。
