Sasagawa I, Ichiyanagi O, Yazawa H, Nakada T, Saito H, Hiroi M, Yanagimachi R
Department of Urology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan.
Arch Androl. 1998 Nov-Dec;41(3):151-7. doi: 10.3109/01485019808994885.
With the advent of assisted reproductive technology, pregnancy has become possible without sperm. The nucleus of the round spermatid, which contains a complete haploid set of chromosomes, can be used as a substitute for spermatozoa in animals and humans. In the mouse, round spermatids from surgically induced cryptorchid and prepubertal testes can fertilize normally and develop into normal offspring. The spermatid nucleus develops into a large pronucleus only when the oocyte is activated by artificial means, such as electrostimulation and oscillogen injection. Nuclei of mouse primary spermatocyte have been injected into oocytes and found to undergo meiosis, form an embryo and produce live young. Intracytoplasmic injection of male immature germ cells may become available as a treatment for patients with azoospermia due to maturation arrest.
随着辅助生殖技术的出现，无精子情况下怀孕已成为可能。圆形精子细胞的细胞核含有一套完整的单倍体染色体，可在动物和人类中替代精子。在小鼠中，手术诱导隐睾和青春期前睾丸的圆形精子细胞能够正常受精并发育成正常后代。只有当卵母细胞通过电刺激和振荡源注射等人工手段激活时，精子细胞核才会发育成一个大的原核。已将小鼠初级精母细胞的细胞核注入卵母细胞，发现其能进行减数分裂，形成胚胎并产生活仔。由于成熟停滞导致无精子症的患者，胞浆内注射男性未成熟生殖细胞可能会成为一种治疗方法。
