Lanske B, Kronenberg H M
Max-Planck Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany.
Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 1998;8(3-4):297-320. doi: 10.1615/critreveukargeneexpr.v8.i3-4.40.
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) has been identified as the factor responsible for the humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM). Since the cloning of the cDNA, it has become clear that PTHrP is a prohormone that is posttranslationally cleaved to yield a complex family of peptides. Through its homology to parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the amino-terminus region of the protein, it is able to bind to and activate a common PTH/PTHrP receptor. PTHrP has been shown to be a normal product of many adult and fetal tissues, where it appears to act in an autocrine/paracrine fashion to regulate organogenesis. PTHrP and the PTH/PTHrP receptor seem to be co-expressed in many tissues, but their role in the various systems is uncertain. The use of transgenic and knock-out animal models has contributed to a better understanding of the physiological role of this peptide and its receptor. In this review, the structure of their genes, their expression pattern, and some of their major physiological functions are discussed. Attention is focused on their interaction in the regulation of cartilage and bone development.
甲状旁腺激素相关肽（PTHrP）已被确定为导致恶性肿瘤体液性高钙血症（HHM）的因子。自其cDNA克隆以来，已明确PTHrP是一种前激素，经翻译后切割产生一系列复杂的肽类。通过其在蛋白质氨基末端区域与甲状旁腺激素（PTH）的同源性，它能够结合并激活共同的PTH/PTHrP受体。PTHrP已被证明是许多成年和胎儿组织的正常产物，在这些组织中它似乎以自分泌/旁分泌方式发挥作用来调节器官发生。PTHrP和PTH/PTHrP受体似乎在许多组织中共表达，但其在各种系统中的作用尚不确定。转基因和基因敲除动物模型的应用有助于更好地理解该肽及其受体的生理作用。在这篇综述中，将讨论它们的基因结构、表达模式以及一些主要的生理功能。重点关注它们在软骨和骨发育调节中的相互作用。
