Bast S C, Vangsness C T, Takemura J, Folkins E, Landel R
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1998;57(3):139-44.
This study compares the effects of three modes of isokinetic resistance training at the shoulder--concentric, eccentric, and a combination of both concentric and eccentric, with a group that received no training at all. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers (male and females), 18 to 36 years of age, with no history of shoulder pathology, were randomly assigned to one of four groups; concentric training, eccentric training, a combination of both concentric and eccentric training, or control (no training). Testing and training of the dominant shoulder was performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. All subjects were pretested and post-tested both concentrically and eccentrically for humeral internal/external rotation and abduction at speeds of 60 degrees/sec and 120 degrees/sec. Each training session consisted of a total of twelve sets of ten maximal repetitions, and was repeated three times a week for four weeks. The absolute and percent difference in peak force and peak torque for each group between the pretest and post-test was calculated for each combination of position, mode, and speed. A significant difference between the concentric/eccentric group and the eccentric group was found for abduction (p < 0.05). The eccentric group showed a significantly greater increase from the pretest to post-test for absolute differences in peak force and peak torque compared to the concentric/eccentric group (p < 0.05).
本研究比较了肩部等速抗阻训练的三种模式（向心、离心以及向心与离心相结合）与完全不进行训练的一组之间的效果。28名年龄在18至36岁之间、无肩部病变史的健康志愿者（男女皆有）被随机分配到四组中的一组：向心训练组、离心训练组、向心与离心相结合训练组或对照组（不训练）。在等速测力计上对优势肩进行测试和训练。所有受试者均在60度/秒和120度/秒的速度下，针对肱骨内/外旋和外展进行向心和离心的预测试和后测试。每次训练课程总共包括十二组，每组进行十次最大重复次数，并且每周重复三次，共持续四周。针对每个位置、模式和速度的组合，计算每组在预测试和后测试之间峰值力和峰值扭矩的绝对差值和百分比差值。在外展方面，发现向心/离心组与离心组之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。与向心/离心组相比，离心组从预测试到后测试在峰值力和峰值扭矩的绝对差值方面显示出显著更大的增加（p < 0.05）。
