Naja W J, Reneric J P, Bouvard M P
Interne Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris.
Encephale. 1998 Jul-Aug;24(4):378-85.
The FDA approval for clozapine in 1990 under several hematologic surveillance conditions has reactualized the debate on the use of atypical neuroleptics for adults with schizophrenia. The use of conventional neuroleptics in children and adolescents has always been a subject of controversy due to their side effects and the absence of controlled studies. The pharmacological action of clozapine and risperidone is mainly on D2 and 5HT. Since 1992 several studies concerning children and adolescents show the efficiency and the tolerance of the clozapine and risperidone in various disorders, especially in very early onset schizophrenia (VEOS). Controlled trials are necessary to confirm the data obtained in open studies.
1990年，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）在若干血液学监测条件下批准了氯氮平，这再次引发了关于非典型抗精神病药物用于成人精神分裂症患者的争论。由于传统抗精神病药物的副作用以及缺乏对照研究，其在儿童和青少年中的使用一直存在争议。氯氮平和利培酮的药理作用主要针对D2和5HT。自1992年以来，多项关于儿童和青少年的研究表明，氯氮平和利培酮在各种疾病中有效且耐受性良好，尤其是在早发性精神分裂症（VEOS）中。需要进行对照试验来证实开放研究中获得的数据。
