Friton G M, Sobiraj A, Richter A
Ambulatorischen und Geburtshilflichen Tierklinik, Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät, Universität Leipzig.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 1998 Sep;26(5):254-60.
101 cows with 197 udder quarters with subclinical mastitis from 23 dairy farms were selected for different antibiotic treatments under field conditions. Group 1 consisting of 27 animals and 50 infected udder quarters was treated twice intramammaryly with 250 mg Cefacetril. Group 2 (26 animals/50 quarters) was treated twice intramuscular with 10 Mio IU Penethamathydrojodid and with 5 Mio IU respectively. Group 3 was treated twice with the combination of the intramammary and the intramuscular therapies in the above mentioned groups. Group 4 served as control. 23 animals with 36 subclinical infected udder quarters were treated twice intramuscular with 2.0 ml of sterile isotonic sodium-solution. Therapeutic success was controlled with bacteriological and cytological examinations of quarter milk probes one week, two weeks and four weeks after the end of treatments. Concerning bacteriological healing both the intramammary and the combined therapy had an even success with a 72.9% elimination rate of pathogenic bacteria whereas the intramuscular therapy led to bacteriological healing in 36.7%. In comparison cytological healing rates (< 100 x 10(3) cell counts per ml milk) with 29.8% in group 1, 32.3% in group 3 and 8.2% in group 2 were not satisfying. S. aureus was the predominating isolated bacteria. With respect to bacterial species found in the subclinically infected milk probes, elimination rates in Streptococcaceae and in Enterococcaceae was evident higher than in Staphylococcaceae. The results are discussed.
从23个奶牛场选取了101头患有亚临床型乳腺炎的奶牛，共计197个乳房象限，在田间条件下进行不同的抗生素治疗。第1组由27头奶牛和50个感染的乳房象限组成，采用头孢乙腈250毫克进行两次乳房内治疗。第2组（26头奶牛/50个象限）分别采用1000万国际单位的氢碘酸苄青霉素和500万国际单位进行两次肌肉注射。第3组采用上述第1组和第2组的乳房内和肌肉注射联合疗法进行两次治疗。第4组作为对照。23头患有36个亚临床感染乳房象限的奶牛采用2.0毫升无菌等渗钠溶液进行两次肌肉注射。在治疗结束后1周、2周和4周，通过对乳房象限乳汁样本进行细菌学和细胞学检查来控制治疗效果。关于细菌学治愈情况，乳房内治疗和联合治疗的成功率相当，病原菌清除率为72.9%，而肌肉注射治疗的细菌学治愈率为36.7%。相比之下，第1组的细胞学治愈率（每毫升乳汁细胞计数<100×10³）为29.8%，第3组为32.3%，第2组为8.2%，均不尽人意。金黄色葡萄球菌是主要分离出的细菌。就亚临床感染乳汁样本中发现的细菌种类而言，链球菌科和肠球菌科的清除率明显高于葡萄球菌科。对结果进行了讨论。
