Okada S, Ohta Y
Department of Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, Japan.
Scanning Microsc. 1996;10(3):851-8.
Unique spiral structures, located in the wall of the hepatic venous system in the dog, were examined in the central veins and the hepatic venous branches, utilizing microvascular corrosion casting and freeze-fracture technique in scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of tissue sections. The whole hepatic venous system was divided into 4 portions: the central, sublobular, collecting and branches of the hepatic veins. The central vein was spindle-shaped with several compressions. Removing the endothelial cells of the central vein, pathways of venous sinusoids were like a labyrinth. In the sublobular veins, spiral structures distinctly appeared as the diameter increased. Beneath the endothelial cells in the constricted portions, smooth muscle bundles were found. The spiral structures gradually became irregular in the collecting veins and discontinuous to form shallow constrictions in cast thicker branches of the intrahepatic veins. A single, fine spindle of the central vein was formed by the arrangement of liver cells. The spiral structures of the sublobular vein were formed by smooth muscle bundles. Irregularity of the spiral structures in the collecting veins was caused by smooth muscle bundles anastomosing with adjacent ones. Disappearance of the spiral structure in cast thicker branches of the intrahepatic veins was due to absence of muscle bundles.
利用微血管铸型技术以及扫描电子显微镜和组织切片透射电子显微镜的冷冻断裂技术，对犬肝静脉系统壁内独特的螺旋结构在中央静脉和肝静脉分支中进行了研究。整个肝静脉系统分为4部分：中央静脉、小叶下静脉、集合静脉和肝静脉分支。中央静脉呈纺锤形，有多处狭窄。去除中央静脉的内皮细胞后，静脉窦的通道如迷宫一般。在小叶下静脉中，随着管径增大，螺旋结构明显出现。在狭窄部分的内皮细胞下方，发现了平滑肌束。螺旋结构在集合静脉中逐渐变得不规则，在肝内静脉较粗的铸型分支中不连续，形成浅的狭窄。中央静脉由肝细胞排列形成单一、细小的纺锤形。小叶下静脉的螺旋结构由平滑肌束形成。集合静脉中螺旋结构的不规则是由平滑肌束与相邻平滑肌束吻合所致。肝内静脉较粗铸型分支中螺旋结构的消失是由于缺乏肌束。
